Social Psychology Flashcards
The self is:
The person, including mental process, body and personality characteristics
A person’s concept of the self
Self-concept
A schema about the self that guides the way we think about and remember information relevant to ourselves
Self concept
A person’s evaluation of themselves, how much they like and respect themself
Self-esteem
Who proposed a fundamental distinction between self as subject and self as an object
William James 1890
_______ included the person’s experience of self as thinker, feeler and actor
Self as subject
_______ is the person’s view of self; people reflect when they take the self as an object of thought
Self as object
Psychodynamic perspective of self
Self representation
Mental models or representations of the self
Self representations
Cognitive perspective on self
The way self concept shapes thought and memory
A schema about the self that guides the way we think about and remember information relevant to ourselves
Self-schema
A process by which a person sets themselves up to fail when success is uncertain in order to preserve self esteem
Self handicapping
People maintain or even enhance their self esteem by:
BIRGing (basking in reflected glory)
A state where people publicly announce their affiliation with another person or group that is successful even when the had nothing to do with that success.
Basking in reflected glory (BIRGing)
The motivational to interpret information to fit the way one already sees oneself
Self consistency
Three mental representations about people
Actual self, ideal self and ought self
A schema referring to people’s view of how they actually are
Actual self
A schema refers to the hopes, aspirations and wishes that define the way the person would like to be
Ideal self
The duties, obligations and responsibilities that define the way the person should be
Ought self
The process by which people attempt to control the impressions that others form
Self presentation
Instances in which our desires to influence the impressions other people form of us fail are termed as:
Self presentational predicaments
Research shows that people with clear sense of self and higher self esteem are more likely to present ______ on Facebook
Their real self
Individual differences in the degree to which people manage their impressions are referred to as
Self monitoring
Social chameleons
High self monitors
The need to view oneself positively
Self esteem
The process of inferring the causes of one’s own and others mental states and behaviours is called
Attribution
People assess the extent to which the presences of one variable predicts the presence of another
Intuitive science
When people make attributions they rely on intuitive theories, frame hypotheses, collect data about themselves and others and draw conclusions
Intuitive science
People make these two attributions to situations and people regarding interactions
External and internal attributions
In making attributions people rely on these three types of information
Consensus, consistency and distinctiveness
_____ refers to the way most people repsond
Consensus
______ refers to the extent to which a person always responds in the same way to the same stimulus
Consistency
The _____ of persons action refers to the individuals likelihood to respond this way to many different stimuli
Distinctiveness
In deciding how much to credit or blame a person, people generally adjust though two processes
Discounting and augmentation
______ occurs when people downplay the role of one variable because they know that others may be contributing to the behaviour in question
Discounting
Opposite to discounting- increasing an internal attribute for behaviour that has occurred despite situational demands
Augmentation
A person’s habitual manner of assigning causes to behaviours/events
Attributions style
The tendency to assume that other people’s behaviour corresponds to their internal states of affairs rather than external situations
Fundamental attribution error
Attributing behaviours to people’s personalities and ignore possible situational causes
Fundamental attribution error
Bias in social cpgnition where people tend to see themselves in a more positive light than others see them
Self-serving bias
What causes basis in processing social information
Cognitive and motivational bias
The association between an act or object and an evaluation
An attitude
