Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sociology for the MCAT :) > Social Processes, Attitudes and Behaviors > Flashcards

Social Processes, Attitudes and Behaviors Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
MCAT flashcards Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Michelangelo Phenomena

A

Concept that the self is made up of both the ideas an individual has regarding their own abilities / traits / beliefs and the intrapersonal self (the manner in which others influence the creation of the ideal self)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social Action

A

Actions and Behaviors we are conscious of performing because others are around

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Social Facilitation

A

People naturally exhibit a performance response when they know they are being watched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Yerkes Dodson Law of Social Facilitation

A

Being in the presence of others will raise arousal which enhances the ability to perform simple tasks (something one is already good at) and hinders the ability of complex, unfamiliar tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Deindividuation

A

People lose a sense of self awareness and can act dramatically different based on the influence of the group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bystander Effect

A

Individual do no intervene to help victims when others are present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Social Loafing

A

Tendency of individuals to put in less effort when working a group setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Identity Shift Effect

A

When an individuals state of harmony is disrupted by threat of social rejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

Simultaneous presence of two opposing thoughts / opinions that creates an internal conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Identity Shift

A

Individual adopting the standards of the group as their own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Social Interaction

A

Explore the way 2+ individuals shape each others behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Choice Shift

A

Tendency of groups to make decisions that are more extreme (riskier or cautious) than the individual ideas and inclinations of the members of the group

**Group Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Group Polarization

A

Tendency of groups to make decisions that are more extreme (riskier or cautious) than the individual ideas and inclinations of the members of the group

**Individual Level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Group Think

A

Desire for harmony / conformity results in a group of people coming to an incorrect or poor decision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

8 Factors of Group Think

- (Irving Janis)

A
  1. Illusion of invulnerability - creation of optimism and encouragement of risk taking
  2. Collective rationalization - ignoring warnings against the group
    3 Illusion of Morality - group decision are morally correct
  3. Excessive Stereotyping - against outside opinions
  4. Pressure of Conformity - anyone who opposes opinions of the group is disloyal
  5. Self-Censorship - withholding opposing view
  6. Illusion of unanimity - False sense of agreement
  7. Mind Guards - appointment of members to the role of protecting against opposing views
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Culture

A

Beliefs, behaviors, actions and characteristics of a group or society of people learned by living within the society and observing it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Assimilation

A

Individual or group behavior / culture begin to resemble that of another group
Can also mean merging of groups (although one tends to predominate over the other)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ethnic Enclaves

A

Locations (neighborhoods) with a high concentration of one specific ethnicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Multiculturalism

A

Communities / societies containing multiple cultures ; coexisting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Subcultures

A

Groups of people within a culture that distinguish themselves from primary culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Immigrant Assimilation

A

Considered complete based on the following:

  • Geographic Distribution
  • Language Attainment
  • Socioeconomic Status
  • Intermarriage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Socialization

A

Process of developing, inheriting, and spreading norms, cultures and beliefs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Primary Socialization

A

Childhood

  • Learning acceptable actions and attitudes in society (generally by observing parents and adults)
  • Sets the stage for future socialization
  • Foundation for creating personal opinions
24
Q

Secondary Socialization

A
  • Appropriate behavior in smaller sections of the larger society (occurs outside the home)
  • Learning rules of social environments
  • Includes changes and refinements to behavior
25
Q

Anticipatory Socialization

A

Prepare for future changes in occupation, living or relationships

26
Q

Resocialization

A

Discard of old behaviors in favor of new ones (life change)

27
Q

Norms

A

Societal rules that define the boundaries of acceptable behavior

28
Q

Mores

A

Widely observed social norms

29
Q

Taboo

A

Socially unacceptable behaviors

30
Q

Folkways

A

Norm behaviors considered polite in context

31
Q

Sanctions

A

Penalties for misconduct that help to maintain social order

32
Q

Deviance

A

Any violation of norms, rules or expectations in society

33
Q

Stigma

A

Extreme disapproval / dislike of person or group based on perceived differences from society

34
Q

Labeling Theory

A

Labels given to people affect how others respond to that person and affect their own self image

35
Q

Differential Association Theory

A

Deviance can be learned through interactions with others

36
Q

Conformity

A

Matching ones attitudes, beliefs, behaviors to societal norms (can be real or imagined)

37
Q

Internalization

A

Changing behavior to fit the group and also privately agreeing with the ideas

38
Q

Identification

A

Acceptance of others ideas without questioning them (but do not internalize the ideas)

39
Q

Obedience

A

Changing ones behavior in response to direct orders from an authoritative figure

40
Q

Compliance

A

Changing ones behavior based on direct request despite the requester having no power

41
Q

Foot in Door Technique

A

Small request made, after compliance a larger request is made

42
Q

Door in the Face Technique

A

Large, unreasonable request made and refused so a smaller more manageable request is made

43
Q

Lowball Technique

A

Get initial commitment than raise the cost

44
Q

That’s Not All Technique

A

Made an offer but before making a decision is told that the deal is even better than expected

45
Q

Social Cognition

A

Focuses on ways in which people think about others and how these ideas impact behavior

46
Q

Attitude

A

Expression of + or - feelings toward a person, place, think or scenario

47
Q

Components of Attitude

A
  1. Affective - feeling toward something (emotional)
  2. Behavioral - way we act with respect to something
  3. Cognitive - think about something and justify the other 2 components
48
Q

Functional Attitude Theory

A

States that attitude serves 4 functions

  1. Knowledge
  2. Ego Expressive
  3. Ego Defensive
  4. Adaptive
49
Q

Knowledge

A

Organizes thoughts / experiences

Provides consistency and stability

50
Q

Ego Expressive

A

Communicate and solidify our self identity

51
Q

Ego Defensive

A

Protect self esteem and justify actions known to be wrong

52
Q

Adaptive

A

Will be accepted if socially acceptable attitudes are expressed

53
Q

Learning Theory

A

Attitude developed through different ways of learning

54
Q

Elaboration Likelihood Model

A

Separates individuals on a continuum based on their processing of persuasive information

55
Q

Central Root Processing

A

One extreme are those who elaborate extensively; think deeply about information; scrutinize its meaning/ purpose; draw conclusion and make decisions based on this thought

56
Q

Peripheral Root Processing

A

One extreme are those who do not elaborately focus on superficial details like the appearance of the person making the argument, catchphrases, slogan or credibility

57
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

People learn how to behave / shape attitudes by observing others
Develops through direct observation, replication of actions, personal factors (thoughts / behaviors) and the environment

Sociology for the MCAT :) (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions