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Psychology AS > Social Influence > Flashcards

Social Influence Flashcards

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0
Q

4 explanations for obedience

A

Agentic shift
Gradual commitment
Buffers
Legitimate authority

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1
Q

Explain agentic shift

A

Agentic shift is when an individual is in the autonomous state where they are responsible for their own actions and then they move into a agentic state where they pass the responsibility to the authority figure.

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2
Q

Explain Gradual commitment

A

Getting an individual to pursue a small task and then slowly increase it to a bigger task

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3
Q

Explain buffers

A

Anything that acts as a psychological or physical barrier causing the individual not to see or understand the consequences of their actions

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4
Q

Explain legitimate authority

A

When an individual obeys an authority figure without question

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5
Q

Example of legitimate authority

A

Doctors

Police

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6
Q

Example of gradual commitment

A

Voltage buttons in milgrams study

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7
Q

Example of buffers

A

The wall in milgrams study

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9
Q

Example of agentic shift

A

Hoflings study nurses believed the responsibility lay with the doctor that called

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10
Q

Examples of Ethical issues

A 
Informed Consent
Deception
Right to withdraw at any time
Protection from harm
Debriefing
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11
Q

Ethical issues in Milgram’s study

A

Lack of informed consent as deceived about purpose of study but was necessary in order to carry out study.
Protection from harm- Long/short term psychological harm

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12
Q

Ways Milgrams experiment was well controlled

A

Same Learner

Same verbal prods

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13
Q

Criticism on Milgrams experimental validity

A

They claimed participants were not giving genuine reactions and playing along by giving a shock because participants didnt believe the study was real and they were actually shocking the leaner. Didn’t resemble a real life situation

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14
Q

A strength of the laboratory experiment used by Milgram is that

A

it has high internal validity;

he controlled the extraneous variables as he used the same learner and same verbal prods.

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15
Q

One weakness of the laboratory experiment used by Milgram is that

A

it lacks experimental validity. Research took place at Yale uni in a lab and participants may not have believed the experimental set up was real. Validity of results reduced

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16
Q

What did milgrams experiment lack

A

experimental validity and ecological validity

17
Q

A strength of Milgrams study

A

high internal validity

18
Q

How could mil gram overcome this limitation of his experiemnt

A

field experiment (natural environment)

19
Q

What experiment did Hofling carry out

A

Obedient nurses

20
Q

Who conducted the experiment involving obedience and nurses

A

Hofling

21
Q

Was Hoflings experiment ecologically valid

A

Yes, reflected real life situations (nurse in hospital, doctors orders)

22
Q

Describe Hoflings experiment

A

Nurse working night shift in hospital gets a call from a doctor asking her to administrate a large dose of a made up drug (astrofen) to a patient on the ward.

23
Q

Results of Hoflings study

A

21/22 nurses followed orders

11 nurses didnt realise they were giving a overdose

24
Q

What was the situational explanation for independent behaviour?

A

Presence of an independently behaving peer

25
Q

Is Locus of control a personality factor or situational

A

Personality

26
Q

What is a the personality of a person with a high internal locus of control

A

Controls there own outcomes and destiny determined by their hard work or decisions. Makes decisions regardless of others

27
Q

What is a the personality of a person with a high external locus of control

A

Outcomes are outside of your control and determined by fate and independent of your hard work or decisions.

28
Q

Is a person with a high external locus of control more or less susceptible to social influence

A

more susceptible

29
Q

Is a person with a high internal locus of control more or less susceptible to social influence

A

less as they feel more responsible for their own actions.

30
Q

What is the evidence like for locus of control

A

well triangulated

31
Q

Name a valid way of explaining resisting obedience

A

locus of control

32
Q

What is time for discussion

A

Ability to discuss their decisions and judgements with others

33
Q

What is prior commitment

A

When publicly committed to an opinion they are less likely to change their opinion later on. This can be because of the fear of appearing indecisive from their original decision

34
Q

What is questioning motives/status of authority

A

Surroundings make the audience question the legitimacy of the experimenter

Psychology AS (7 decks)

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