social influence Flashcards
what is the definition of social influence
process whereby attitudes and behaviour are influenced by the real or implied presence of other people
what is the autokinetic effect
point of light appears to move
how were pps asked to make judgements in sherif’s study
they made judgments alone and then in groups of 2 or 3
what did pps in the group condition use as a frame of reference for their judgments
the judgments of others in the group
what was the primary finding of sherif’s study regarding individual judgment versus group judgments
individual judgments tended to converge away from individual estimates towards a common standard - a group norm
according to sherif’s study, how do group norms develop in ambiguous situations
through social interaction and the use of others judgments as a reference point, individuals gradually align their perceptions
what is rational process
people construct norm from others behaviour to determine appropriate behaviour
what did Asch find was the average conformity and why
33%
- self doubt, self-conscious, fear of social disapproval
what did Asch find was the conformity when judgments were anonymous
12.5%
what is informational social influence
- ambiguous situations
- need to feel confident were correct
- influence to accept info from another as evidence about reality
- true cognitive change
what is normative social influence
- need for social approval and acceptance
- avoid disapproval
- surface compliance
what type of social influence did sherif’s study show
- informational
what type of social influence did asch’s study show
normative
what is minority influence according to hogg and vaughan
social influence processes whereby numerical or power minorities change the attitudes of the majority
how do majority and minority influence compare
- majority produces public compliance via social comparison
- minority produces indirect, private change in opinion, conversion effect as a consequence of active consideration of minority point of view - change in attitude and permanent
what is the agentic state
mentally absolve of own responsibility and transfer responsibility to person giving the order
what factors influence obedience
- gradual change and commitment
- immediacy of victim
- immediacy of authority figure
- legitimacy of authority figure
