Social Inequality - Unit 2 Section B (40 Marker)

Question 1

Marx (marxism)

Answer 1

Divided into two classes bourgeoisie and the proletariat - the bourgeoisie exploiting the under class- infrastructure influencing the super structure - the bourgeoisie owning the majority of the wealth so the super structure reflects their view

Question 2

westergaard (marxist)

Answer 2

Polarisation - growing economic differences between the ruling class and the under class - rich getting richer and poor are getting poorer - top 10% of the population have seen big increases in their wealth and the bottom have seen near to none

Question 3

Scott(marxist)

Answer 3

social closure when the ruling class close themselves off to the underclass - only opportunity provided to the upper class

Question 4

Gramsci (neomarxist)

Answer 4

Hegemony - using cultural and political means to encourage the under class to side with the ruling class

Question 5

Wright (Neo marxist)

Answer 5

There are 3 class (middle working and upper)
Contradictory class positions - both working and middle class are exploited by the ruling class

Question 6

Bravermaan (neomarxist)

Answer 6

embourgeoisement - the middle class identifying more with the under class or ruling class - jobs are being deskilled so are more aware of their subordination to the ruling class

Question 7

marxist feminist benston

Answer 7

Suggests that if a man provides for his wife he is less likely to challenge capitalism

Question 8

Feeley marxist feminist

Answer 8

Women emerge from society preconditioned to accept their positions in society and the hierarchy - supports patriarchy

Question 9

Ansley marxist feminist

Answer 9

Safety valve - husbands verbally abusing their wives - take out their frustration on their wives about being exploited - prevents revolution ‘takers of shit’

Question 10

beech marxist feminist

Answer 10

reserve army labour - position of women in the labour market - capitalism require reserve labour - women are cheap labour - reduce wages for the main labour force - increase exploitation

Question 11

Functionalism Durkheim

Answer 11

Stratification exists because it’s beneficial to society - occupational division of labour - society is meritocratic and therefore based on people skills and what they contribute to society
Value consensus - accept society is graded on function or postion

Question 12

parsons functionalist

Answer 12

Kpapa -kinship
Personal qualities 
Achievement 
possessions 
Authority 
How society is ranked based on consensus
Agrees that society stratification is general outcome and agreement on society that is should be ranked by skill

Question 13

Davis and Moore Funtionalism

Answer 13

Stratification is a permanent and universal feature of human society and conclude that this is because it’s necessary - task of placing poeple

Question 14

Saunders new right

Answer 14

Supports david and moore - society is meritocratic - stratification serves an important purpose even if itis dysfunctional. Its desirable as encourages competition and economic growth is the outcome for everyone - increase social mobility

Question 15

Murray new right

Answer 15

Under class are lazy, work and promote dependency culture on the welfare state- not taking responsibility for own situations

Question 16

weber Weberian

Answer 16

Inequality is due to class,status and party not class 
Status (how society views you) party( how much political power you possess)

Question 17

draper weberain

Answer 17

The middle class are so diverse they are like a dish of herrings and strawberries - both can be eaten but not together - different traits

Question 18

savage Weberian

Answer 18

fragmentation
Different types of middle class identities - public sector professionals health education and welfare
And the private sector entrepreneurs

Question 19

giddends Weberian

Answer 19

Upper class fragmentation in the uk
Traditional upper class (ascribed wealth/high culture/social closure)
Entrepreneurial - (hardworking enterprise/ businesses high in economic capital
Jet set pop - pop culture high in social capital and famous for talent

Question 20

Bbc class calculator Weberian

Answer 20

Established middle class enjoy diverse culture - socialise with lots
Technical middle class- mix with those who are similar and are largely middle class
New affluent workers - high brow, economically secure

Question 21

Zweig Weberian

Answer 21

working class adopted norms of the middle class - embourgeoisement this is because they became more skilled and supported the conservative party

Question 22

postmodern paulski and waters

Answer 22

‘Death of class’
Status conventionalisation
Wealth is status

Question 23

postmodern furlong and caramel

Answer 23

accept that britain can be categorised in a postmodernist society
‘Railway journey’ to describe life - everyone on different trains (upper and under) but now life journey can be taken in a car and end up anywhere