Social Groups Flashcards
What is the web of ties theory?
That social networks consist of links between each other causing shifts in language
What is a community of practice?
Language is learnt and new l;a gauge is shared through practice and participation
What is dialect levelling?
Where urbanisation and migration means local dialects are being minimised
What did Cheshire state about social groups?
Language across different age groups changes according to life events,social attitudes and other significant moments
What is the Jocks and Burnout theory?
That in school people are either:
Jocks- Acadmeically gifted, participated,critical of burnouts, more articulate
Burnouts- Not academic,thicker accents, inarticulate
What is restricted and elaborated code?
Restricted- More contractions, context dependent lexis and non standard syntax
Elaborated- Much more standard English
Woking class children tend to speak more restricted code and middle class children spoke more elaborated code
What is the Bath Trap Split?
The split in the pronunciation of ‘a’ sound s
South: a:
North: ae
Somerset downwards is: Baaaath
What is covert prestige?
Use of non-standard language forms where it will gain social prestige
What is the prestige language form?
Language regarded more highly by certain groups or sections of society
What was found in the New York stores study?
- That the linguistic variable ‘r’ in the phrase fourth floor differentiated with social class
- Higher class= More frequent use of rhotic ‘r’
What was found in the Marthas Vineyard study?
Locals use a type of covert prestige to distinguish themselves from tourists, new comers to the island will quickly adopt this type of language
What was found in the Norwich study?
That the higher the social class the more standard language forms and closer to prestige
What did Fox say about MLE?
Second and Third immigrants most likely to use MLE followed by white boys and lastly white girlsn
What is a familect?
Where home dialects have private meanings
