Social Ecology and Development Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are the microsystems for personal relationship?
- Friendship
- Romantic relationships
- Family life
What is the definition of friendship in research?
- Mutual relationship where you can influence each others behavior and beliefs
- Friendship quality from satisfaction from the relationship
- Less emotionally intense
- Support and well-being
How does the social network look like for young adults?
- Large networks
- Big periphery
- Friends of friends
- Provide important info of transition to adulthood
How does the social network look like for middle adult?
- Smaller network
- Greater density, more reciprocated friendships
- Peripheral trimmed
- Friends of friends are the spouses friends
- Endurance of friendship despite less contact
- Friends with similar lifestyle
How does the social network look like for older adult?
- Even smaller number of friends
- More reduced contact
- Support via mutual care
What are the themes for friendship
Affective or emotional basis
- Self-disclosure, intimacy, support, appreciation
- Based on trust, loyalty or commitment
Shared interests
Sociability and compatibility
- Having fun together
What are 3 theories on engagement?
- Activity Theory
- Disengagement theory
- Socioemotional selectivity theory
Activity Theory
The more active we are in society, the longer we will live
- Based on cross-sectional data
- Not active = poor health
- With lower activity we have fewer friends
Disengagement Theory
Once you get older, you disengage from activity as it takes more resources from you
- Same data as activity theory
- Preparation for death
- Natural process that we shouldn’t interfere with
Socioemotional selectivity theory
Social contact is motivated by different goals, where information seeking, self-concept and emotional regulation play its part (differences across the ages)
- Lifespan theory of changes
- Emotional and social goals
- Young adult: information seeking
- Older adult: emotion regulation
- Both for middle adult
- Research support + older people are more selective and have fewer opportunities to make new friendship
- Disengagement due to higher level of stress
How does SST relate to SOC?
- Similar to SOC model
- Selection: of social network and interactions
- Optimizes: prioritising social relationships that are beneficial to us
- Compensates: flagging resources and difficulty handling stress
What are 3 differences between male and females when it comes to friendships?
- Relational basis
Females focus on shared intimacy, males on interests/activities - Network size
Females has larger networks - Expectations and effort
Females expect more
Battered woman syndrome
Occurs when a women believes she cannot leave the abusive situation/relationship and may go as for as to kill her abuser
- Learned helplessness
Should it be called battered woman syndrome?
- Stereotypes, males can get abused as well but will others believe them?
- Easier to find physical abuse than emotional or psychological abuse
- Most research based on relationship where male is the abuser
- Majority are heterosexual women
What micro and macro systems plays a role in battered women syndrome?
Micro-system
- Family
- Relationships
Macro-system
- Society
- Work
- Stereotypes
- Norms
Patriarchy, honor and chastity
How does the aggression progress in an abusive relationship?
- Verbal aggression
- Physical aggression
- Severe aggression (object or several beatings)
- Murder
Causes to each level - Abuse
Verbal aggression
- Need for control
- Misuse of power
- Jealousy
- Marital discord
Physical aggression
- Acceptance of violence
- Prior experience
- Alcohol/drugs
- Personality styles
Severe Aggression
- Personality disorders
- Emotional lability
- Poor self-esteem
In what 4 ways are older adults being mistreated by others?
- Financial or material exploitation
Older people funds, property or assets - Abandonment
By an individual who had physical custody or assumed responsibility - Neglect
Refusal or failure to fulfil the obligations toward the older adult - Self-neglect
Not from a mentally competent and healthy adult
How has singlehood changed through out the years?
- More common than before
- Males stay single longer
- Millennials might stay single to their 40s
- Ethnicity differences
How have the changes to singlehood affected single people and when is it a problem for someone?
- Stereotypes exists
Married couple= seen as warmer, get rental agreement more often - Women gets pressured to get married
- Cultural and religious belief
What kinds of cohabitation are seen across the world?
Living together but not getting married
- Premarital cohabitation; seen as a trial (most common in Sweden)
- Substitute marriage: long-term commitment
- Limited cohabitation: for convenience, share expenses and sexual accessibility
How does cohabitation look like around the world?
- Getting more common
- Millennials and older adults
- Often females
- Before marriage
- Sweden, part of its culture
Under what conditions is cohabiting related to relationship health?
The happiest cohabiting couples are the ones who are most similar to married couples
- Share financial responsibilities and child care
- Cohabiting does not equal to happy marriage
What are the measurement used when it comes to marriage?
- Marital success
Any marital outcome, divorce rate - Quality
Subjective evaluation - Adjustment
Changes or compromises made over time - Satisfaction
Global assessment
