Social distribution of crime by gender

Question 1

Control Thesis

Answer 1

Heidensohn seeks to explain it in terms of the way girls and women are controlled by men, leaving them with fewer opportunities to commit crime

Question 2

Gender & Class Deals

Answer 2

class deal offers consumer goods in return for wages, a gender deal is where the breadwinner offers psychological and material rewards in return for love and domestic labour. When these rewards are not available, then criminality becomes a viable alternative

Question 3

Chivalry Thesis

Answer 3

mostly-male law enforcement officers tend to attempt to protect women from the criminal justice system out of gentlemanliness

Question 4

Liberation Thesis (Adler)

Answer 4

as female progression evolves, so will the opportunity for women to commit crime

Question 5

Hegemonic Masculinity

Answer 5

Criminal behaviour can be used as a resource for asserting masculinity

Question 6

Bodily Capital

Answer 6

expressed their masculinity via use of violence. Men use bodily capital to maintain reputation and
employability. Eg bodybuilding

Question 7

Net Widening

Answer 7

refers to the process where more actions become criminalized or subject to criminal justice intervention so increase in female arrests may reflect changed enforcement practices rather than increased criminal behavior

Question 8

Sex-Role Theory

Answer 8

Parsons suggests that women are less likely to be criminals due to their genetic characteristics. Women have more to lose if they turn to criminal activity

Question 9

Parsons

Answer 9

Sex role theory, expressive roles

Question 10

Pollack

Answer 10

many of the crimes that females commit are underreported, and when females offend, they often are detected less than when males commit similar crimes