NECESSARY sociologists Flashcards
Durkhein functions of crime
Boundary maintenance
Safety valve
Agent of change
Merton strain theory
Societal goal- financial success
Blocked opportunities
Innovate
Success via illegitimate means
Chambliss
Capitalism is crimonogenic
Dog eat dog system
Snider
Laws made in the interest of the bourgeoisie and to protect their property
Becker
Labels become a person’s master status leading to the self fufiling prophecy
Stan cohen
Media create moral panics which label certain groups as criminal ie mods and Rockers, immigration
Wilson
Crime is a rational choice, weigh up rewards and potential punishment
Murray
Crime is a result of Inadequate socialisation, due to single parent families, young boys lack a male role model, turn to criminal subcultures
Lea and Young
Causes of crime:
Marginalisation
Subculture
Relative deprecation
Merton strain theory (different classes)
Strain effects the wc more as they are unable to afford the american dream resulting in them turning to illegitimate means
Carlen
Studdy of 39 women
Found they were overwhelmingly wc
Wc women unable to enjoy the benefits gained
They have little reason to conformed.
Adler
Increasing female crime result of freedom from traditional roles and being accepted into more masculine roles
Phillips and bowling
ethnic minorities at higher risk of being victims due to living in inner city areas where crime is high
McPhearson report
Found met police to be institutionally racist after failures in the stephen lawrence case
Beck
Globalisation has led to a global risk society
Crimes such as pollution become more widespread
Taylor
TNCs switch to manufacturing to low wage countries producing job insecurity, unemployment and poverty
Durkheim punishment
Retributive- revenge
Restorative- rehabilitation
Focault
Panopticon
Due to increased surveillance everyone in society beings to self survey incase someone is watching
Haywards and Young
Commercialisation of crime romanticised crime, making it culturally acceptable via products
Althusser
Media is used by ruling class to create agendas for criminalising the working class
Green and reiner
Not all individuals see the media the same way
Mathisen
Synopticon:
Bottom up surveillance has increased, everyone monitoring everyone on social media and though personal cameras (phones, doorbells, dashcams)
Wolfgang
26% of murders in Philadelphia the victim had instigated the attack
