Social Development

Question 1

What is solo play and age it occurs?

Answer 1

0-2 years, Play by themselves, allows to explore the enviroment at their own pace and become independent

Question 2

What is parallel play and age it occurs?

Answer 2

2-3 years, play alongside eachother but independently doing their own activity, little interaction, show interest in what other children are doing

Question 3

What is cooperative play and age it occurs?

Answer 3

3-8 years, form relationships, play with other children, share toys, taking turns etc. May have a best friend by 7.

Question 4

Name 2 social benefits of friendships practically

Answer 4

• Help with traumatic life events, e.g. job loss
• Help maintain a healthy lifestyle, e.g. encouragement to regularly exercise

Question 5

Name 2 social benefits of friendships emotionally

Answer 5

• Avoid loneliness
• Provide a sense of belonging, self-worth and self-confidence

Question 6

What are two effects of peer pressure on social development?

Answer 6

• Greater influence on values, views and opinions
• Encourage risky behaviour, e.g. alcohol and drugs

Question 7

What are the 4 ways how someone should resist peer pressure?

Answer 7

• Find another friend willing to say no
• Find other friends with similar values
• Talk to a trusted adult
• Find inner strength/confidence to say no

Question 8

How are relationships between children different to adolescence and adults?

Answer 8

Children form relationships based on play whilst quickly falling out and making up with eachother.
Adolescence and adults are more complex as they develop meaningful relationships.

Question 9

What are informal relationships?

Answer 9

Develop between family, friends, and significant people

Question 10

What are formal relationships?

Answer 10

Between people who are not related or friends, e.g. colleagues, teachers, doctors
- Do not involve emotional attachments

Question 11

How does independence develop in infancy?

Answer 11

• Completely dependent on others
• Attempt to do more for themselves at the end of infancy

Question 12

How does independence develop in early childhood?

Answer 12

• Widening their experience, e.g. starting school and joining clubs
• Start to make own decisions, e.g. clothes and food choices
• Developed clear likes and dislikes

Question 13

How does peer influence impact adolescence?

Answer 13

• Begin to question their identity
• Begin to question family’s values and influenced by peer group norms
• Learn the consequences of making good or bad decisions

Question 14

How does starting employment promote independence?

Answer 14

• Adapt from rules of education to rules and policies of workplace
• Financial independence- learn how to manage finances and budget

Question 15

How does leaving home show independence?

Answer 15

• Making sacrifices like lower standard of living
• New responsibilities: household chores
• Manage bills

Question 16

How does starting a family show independence?

Answer 16

• New status and responsibilities
• Develop parenting skills
• Lifestyle changes
• Financial difficulties
• Sacrifices

Question 17

How does independence develop in middle adulthood?

Answer 17

Positives:
- Fewer family responsibilites so can persure hobbies and interests
- More disposable income, so more freedom

Negatives:
- Independent lifestyle may be restricted if if they have to care for parents or have to work longer due to changing pension system

Question 18

How does independence develop in later adulthood?

Answer 18

Positives:
- Remain active with a busy social life
- Take advantage of free bus passes and subsizised costs for places
- Explore new interests and relationships

Negatives:
- May disengage from society (especially if relatives have died)
- Lonely and vulnerable time
Lose independence and rely on others for care