Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

H&S > Physical Development > Flashcards

Physical Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is growth?

A

It is variable across different parts of the body and is an increase in measured quantities such as height and weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is development?

A

Complex changes that follow an orderly sequence including an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s a milestone?

A

An ability achieved by most children at a certain age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are fine motor skills?

A

smaller muscle movements of the body, e.g. finger foods and picking up blocks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are gross motor skills?

A

larger muscle movements in the body, e.g. rolling over

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the key milestones for infancy and what age do they occur?

A

Sitting up- 6 months
Standing- 8-10 months
Cruising- 8-10 months
Walking- 12-13 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the palmer grasp reflex and what age is it present?

A

When an object is placed in the infants hand and strokes their palm, the fingers will close and they will grasp it with a palmer grasp, e.g. grasping a rattle.
0-5 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the pincer grasp and what age is it present?

A

Using the index finger and thumb, or the index and middle fingers opposing the thumb, to pick up small objects, e.g. picking up blocks and small foods.
9-12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the main motor skills for age 3 and 4?

A

3 years- riding a tricycle, turn pages of a book
4 years- button and unbutton clothing, kick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the main motor skills for age 5 and 6?

A

5 years- hops, can walk on a line, writes own name
6 years- skips, rides a bike

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the main motor skills for age 7 and 8?

A

7 years- run forwards and backwards
8 years- joins up writing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a tripod grasp and what age does it develop?

A

It uses the thumb, index and middle fingers- used for holding a pencil and fastening buttons etc.
3-4 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define puberty

A

A period of rapid growth during which young people reach sexual maturity and sexual characteristsics develop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Define hormones

A

Chemical substances produced in the body and transported into the bloodstream that control or regulate body cells or body organs, e.g. sex hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the primary sexual characteristics for females?

A
  • Uterus enlarges and vagina lengthens
  • The ovaries begin to release eggs
  • The menstrual cycle commences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the primary sexual characteristics for males?

A
  • Enlargement of penis and testes
  • Spontaneous erections caused by blood flowing into the chambers in the penis
  • Testicles begin to produce sperm
17
Q

What are the secondary sexual characteristics for females?

A
  • Breasts develop and the areola swells and darkens
  • Hair grows in armpits and pubic area
  • Redistribution of body fat causing hips to widen
18
Q

What are the secondary sexual characteristics for males?

A
  • Changes in larynx (Adam’s apple) causing voice to deepen
  • Hair grows in armpits and pubic area, facial hair
  • Redistribution of muscle tissue and fat
19
Q

Describe the role of hormones in sexual maturity:

A
  • Male: Testosterone stimulates sperm production
  • Females: Oestrogen causes eggs to mature in ovaries
  • Both: Sex hormones stimulate secondary sexual development (puberty)
20
Q

What is maturity?

A

To have fully developed and physically grown (including all PIES)

21
Q

Give examples of maturity:

A
  • Sexual characteristics are fully developed
  • Hand eye coordination at its peak
  • Full height is reached
  • Women are at their most fertile
22
Q

What are physical strength peaks?

A

By the ages of 19-28, young adults will be at the peak of their physical performance and would have:
- reached their full height and strength
- Reaction time and manual dexterity at its peak

23
Q

What happens after passing the age of physical strength peaks?

A
  • Gradually lose some strength and speed
  • Decline in physical capabilities if unhealthy lifestyle
24
Q

What are the physical changes that happens to women during pregnancy and lactation?

A
  • Shape & appearance of breasts change: darkened veins, nipples and aerola darken, breasts become more tender/ sensitive to prepeare for lactation
  • stomach grows
  • stretch marks
25
Q

What are the emotional changes that happens to women during pregnancy and lactation?

A
  • mood swings
  • tired
  • depression/anxiety
  • change in hormones like increase in progesterone to maintain the pregnancy and increase in oestrogen responsible for sickness.
26
Q

What are the social changes that happens to women during pregnancy and lactation?

A

Positives:
- May see family more for support
- Make new friends due to social clubs
- Form better relationship with midwife/doctor
Negatives:
- Lonely whilst absent from work
- May not see friends as in pain/too busy caring for baby to go out

27
Q

What is perimenopause?

A

Oestrogen levels decrease, causing the ovaries to stop producing an egg each month

28
Q

What are the symptoms of perimenopause?

A
  • Hot flushes
  • Night sweats
  • Vaginal dryness
  • Loss of libido
29
Q

What is menopause?

A

The termination of menstruation and a reduction of the production of sex hormones

30
Q

What are the effects of menopause?
(6 marks)

A
  • Increase in hormones causing night sweats, leading to discomfort and disturbed sleep patterns.
  • May experience vaginal dryness which leads to discomfort during sex.
  • Reduction in sex hormones and shrinkage of sexual organs causing a loss of libido.
31
Q

What are the affects of the ageing process in middle adulthood?

A
  • Increased weight
  • Loss of skin elasticity causing wrinkles due to reduction in collagen
  • Hair thinning/ hair loss
  • Loss of muscle tone and strength/stamina
32
Q

How does health deteriorate in later adulthood?

A
  • Heart becomes more susceptible to disease
  • Loss of height due to changing spine structure
  • Loss of strength, muscle and stamina meaning more suceptible to falls
  • Mobility and dexterity more difficult
33
Q

How does intellectual abilities deteriorate in later adulthood?

A
  • Loss of nerve cells in the brain
  • Slower reaction times
  • Forgetting things more
  • Parkinsons and Alzheimer’s more common

H&S (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions