Social Determinants of Health 1 Flashcards
What are social determinants of health?
an social factor that can potentially impact on health and well-being
- any cultural influences such as perspectives on gender, marriage, family status, race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, stigma, stereotypes, discrimination, prejudice
What are some examples of social determinants of health?
poverty, education, employment, consumer price index, war, famine, terrorism, culture, hierarchy position, social status, power
What is poverty distress?
medicalisation and individualisation of distress associated with poverty
What is health inequality?
- differences in health outcomes of individuals or groups
- measured by key markers such as life expectancy, infant mortality, number of co-morbidities, suicide rate, risk factor behaviours, self reported health
- varies across socially relevant groupings (gender/race/ethnicity/class/geographic location)
What is health inequity?
- morally wrong/unjust/unfair/avoidable/preventable
- unfair distribution of health risks and resources
How is health a human right?
- Equality act 2010
- Human Rights Act 1998
- Equality Act 2010
What are social classes?
Segments of population sharing broadly similar types and levels of resources, with broadly similar styles of living and some shared perception of their collective condition
- different types
- status hierarchy in which individuals and groups are classified on basis of esteem and prestige acquired through economic success and wealth accumulation
What is shit life syndrome?
- poor working aged people are locked in a cycle of poverty and neglect amid wider influence
What are the affects of poverty on health?
- weakens social structure
- decreases access to care
- increases pressure on NHS at frontline service to deal with poverty consequences
- exacerbates inverse care law
- reinforces stigma of being judged
What is the main health risk from the health survey in England?
- risk in prevalence of diabetes and obesity (overweight/obesity is a RF for diabetes, cancer, CV diseases)
What is health inequality measured by?
- life expectancy
- infant mortality
- number of co-morbidities
- suicide rate
- risk factor behaviours
- self-reported health
What does health inequality vary across?
Socially relevant groupings
- gender
- race
- ethnicity
- socioeconomic status
- class
- geographic location
What is health disparity?
- differences in access to or availability of facilities and services
What is health inequity?
Differences in health status
- unjust/avoidable/preventable
- unfair distribution of health risks and resources
What are the difference social classes?
Upper middle Middle Lower middle Skilled working Working Unemployed/receiving benefits
What is absolute poverty?
A set standard of poverty, same in all countries, does not change over time
- extreme poverty
What is extreme poverty?
Living on less than 1.25 per day
What is relative poverty?
A standard defined in terms of the society in which an individual lives that differs between countries and over time.
What is social exclusion?
Alienation of certain people within society
- due to stigma/prejudice
- lack of control over
What is the relationship between social structure and health?
Social gradient in health caused by differential exposure to social circumstances through life course
- salutogenesis
