Health Improvement Flashcards
How do we measure health?
- health status (presence/absence of disease)
- body structure or function
(life expectancy/mortality/morbidity, disability adjusted life years, bp, temp, x-ray, tumour size (signs), disease specific checklist
,co-morbidity) - symptoms/quality of life (self-efficacy, extent to which condition affects normal life)
- research/health outcomes/physiological indicators (clotting time)
- overall measures = health services, burden of disease, cost, waiting times in A&E, supply and demand, quality
What contributes to increased costs?
- population growth
- ageing population
- medical technology
- increase in prevalence of chronic conditions
- staffing costs
- failure of productivity in NHS to match other sectors
What does the NHS long term plan 2019 involve?
- making sure everyone gets the best start
- deliver world-class care for major health problems
- supporting people to age well
What is the significance of epigenetics?
- study of changes in organisms cause by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of genetic code itself
- environment changes gene expression
- interplay between individual and environment
What is the Article 9 Lisbon Treaty?
social protection
fight against exclusion
promote educations and training
protection of human rights
What are the WHO health 2020 values?
- good practice
- value-based framework
- social solidarity
- universal healthcare access
- health and wellbeing at the core of human and societal development
- shared values of sustainability, participation, equity and dignity
What are the WHO sustainable development goals for 2030?
- no poverty
- zero hunger
- good health and wellbeing
- quality education
- gender equality
- cleanwater and sanitation
- affordable and clean energy
- decent work and economic growth
- climate action
- life below water
- life on land
- sustainable cities and communities
What is the Tallin Charter 2008?
- strategies for action to tackle inequities in health and to deal with present and emerging health challenges
- innovative tools and approaches
What are the priority issues in health 2020?
- closing health gaps
- prevention and control of non-communicable diseases and communicable diseases and health security
- strengthening of health and public health systems
- action on environment and health
- support health services in countries affected by emergencies and public health crises
What are social determinants of health?
- any social factor which can potentially impact on health and well being
- any cultural influences such as perspectives on gender/family status/race etc.
What does the NHS 10 year plan involve?
- out of hospital care to dissolve divide between primary and community health services (personalised care plans, reduce pressure on emergency hospital services)
- better care for major health conditions (Stroke, diabetes, resp disease, CVD)
- support NHS staff
- use taxpayers investment to max effect
What are health inequalities?
Unjust and avoidable differences in people’s health outcomes across the population and between specific population groups
- avoidable as go against principles of social justice
- do not occur randomly/by chance
- socially determined by circumstances beyond individuals control
What are health risks?
- combination of likelihood of occurrence of a harm and severity of that harm
What is disease surveillance?
- collection, analysis and interpretation of large volumes of data originating from a variety of sources
- used to serve as early warning system for impending health emergencies, document impact of intervention, monitor epidemiology of health problems
What is health surveillance?
- allows early identification of ill health and helps identify corrective action needed
