Social Control

Question 1

What is social control ?

Answer 1

Ways which our behaviour is regulated and constrained to ensure that members of society conform to social norms

Question 2

How is behaviour controlled by social control ?

Answer 2

Positive sanctions that encourages a behaviour through rewards and negative sanctions that discourage behaviour by punishment

Question 3

What is formal social control ?

Answer 3

Regulation of behaviour through written down rules such as laws, contracts or written agreement

Question 4

Examples of formal social control ?

Answer 4

• through police: mantain order and safety and enforcing laws and preventing crime
  goverment: establishing laws and punishments which create law abiding citizens
  or exclusion from school, dismissal from work by formal mechanism

Question 5

What is the studies for goverment , law , courts, police , military for formal social control ?

Answer 5

Max Weber: state and physical force
Travis Hirschi: control theory

Question 6

What does Marx Weber: state and physical force say for formal social control ?

Answer 6

State is the only organisation with the right to use , threaten or authorise Phidias force against people. By imporisonment or physical violence to help police , law enforcement, gov

Question 7

What does control theory: Hirschi argue about formal control ?

Answer 7

People obey law because they’re controlled by their bonds to society that keeps them from deviating

Question 8

control theory: Hirschi
What are the four element that individuals are bonded to society ?

Answer 8

1. Attachment
2. Commitment
3. Involvement
4. Beliefs

Question 9

control theory: Hirschi
What is attachement ?

Answer 9

More bonded and attached we are to others the more we care about them and respect their norms and less likely to break them

Question 10

control theory: Hirschi
What is commitment ?

Answer 10

We are dedicated to a normal lifestyle the more we get involved in crime the more we are likely to conform

Question 11

control theory: Hirschi
What is involvement ?

Answer 11

The more involved we are in normal law abiding activities e.g studying the less time and energy we have to get bomber in crime

Question 12

control theory: Hirschi

What is belief ?

Answer 12

If we have been socialised to believe it is right to obey laws we are less likely to break it

Question 13

What are the studies for education system and formal social control ?

Answer 13

• Education in UK: common mechanism of formal social control
• control theory : Hirischi

Question 14

What are the studies for workplace and formal social control ?

Answer 14

Formal socialisation and control theory : Hirischi

Question 15

How is workplace a formal social Control?

Answer 15

Dress code , code of conduct and disciplinary or dismissal

Question 16

What is formal socialisation for workplace and formal social control?

Answer 16

Written down rules of a workplace.
- learning the code of conduct that addresses acceptable dress code, punctuality and behavior and contract signed by employee for hours of work
Recieve postive sanctions by promotions, pay rise or employee of the month

Question 17

What are the studies for religion and formal social control ?

Answer 17

• Ten Commandments
• five pillars of Islam

Question 18

Ten Commandments and religion as formal social control ?

Answer 18

Fundamental role for all Abrahamic religions
“Thou shall not murder”
“Thou shall not steal “

Question 19

What at the five pillars of islam for religion as a social formal control ?

Answer 19

1. Belief in God (shahada) : there is no God but God and Mohammed is messager
   2.Prayer (salat) : Muslims pray facing Mecca 5X a day
2. Charity (zakat) : Muslims donate their income to community member in need
3. Fasting (sawm) : during Ramadan Muslims required to by healthy and
   abstain from food and drink
4. Pilgrimage (hajj) : visit holy city

Question 20

What is informal social control ?

Answer 20

Unwritten rules that ensures that others conform to norms. Done casually and unofficially which is less obvious but powerful in influencing our behaviour

Question 21

What are the examples of sanctions from informal social control ?

Answer 21

• Socially excluding a person from a peer group
• celebrities critised in magazine
• disappointed reaction from parents

Question 22

What are the studies for informal social control and peer groups ?

Answer 22

Sue lees and Paul Willis subculture

Question 23

What does sue Lees argue and why is this for peer groups and informal social control ?

Answer 23

Looked at pressure put on teen girls and the double standards for boys and girls Sexual behavior
- slang used to control girls behaviour but boys sexual behaviour not policed in negative way but raises status of a boy and lowers girls

Question 24

Studies for education and informal social control ?

Answer 24

Hidden curriculum and Bowles and
Gintis

Question 25

What is hidden curriculum for education and informal social order ?

Answer 25

All of the other norms and values they an individual learns outside of the content of their formal lessons

Question 26

What are the examples of hidden curriculum in education for informal social control ?

Answer 26

Norms of punctuality in education system reflects order and way of controlling students and teachers - sanctions for those who disobey = detentions - school structures= gender of teachers so different levels of authority in an school

Question 27

What does Bowles and Gintis argue hidden curriculum is for education and informal social control ?

Answer 27

Hidden curriculum exists but brainwashes children to be obedience to prepare them for the workplace

Question 28

What word does Bowles and Gintis use, to describe school being similar to the structure of the capitalist workforce and its norms and values ?

Answer 28

Correspondence principle

Question 29

What example does Bowles and Ginitis use for education and workforce for education and informal social control ?

Answer 29

Hierarchical division of labour is similar in the education system as pupils taught to accept place in society and failure is on them

Question 30

Studies for religion and informal social control ?

Answer 30

- John Bird : religion in ethnic minorities in Britain - Mary Daly: beyond God the father

Question 31

What does John Bird argue and what is his ideas/points for religion and informal social control ?

Answer 31

1. Social solidarity : religion acts as way to mantain togetherness and unity and sense of belonging and helps people not to deter from religious traditions 2. Family pressure: strong family pressure to mantain commitment to religion as children have been socialised into that religion if they leave religion will upset family members

Question 32

What does Mary Daly says about religion and what it does , for religion and informal social control ?

Answer 32

All women are apart of a planetary sexual caste system where the world is sexist in order to mantain religion

Question 33

Ways according to Mary Daly that religion controls women into accepting patriarchy for religion and informal social control ?

Answer 33

1. Women inferior as God will : religion that women’s inferiority is Gods will and ordained by God 2. God is masculine : God portrayed man as father so makes women inferior to men and alienates women

Question 34

What are the studies for family and informal social control ?

Answer 34

- Ghazala Bhatti : south Asian girls - Ann Oakley

Question 35

What did Ghazala Bhatti find in her research for family and informal social control ?

Answer 35

Researched Asian families and found that emphasis on loyalty and family and also mantaining traditional practises for marriage - izzat was taken very seriously and behaviour of daughters, childbearing and motherhood

Question 36

What does Ann Oakley say for family and informal social control ?

Answer 36

1. Manipulation : encourages behavior that is stereotypically acceptable for their gender 2. different activities : participate gender that reinforces gender stereotypes 3. Canalisation: parents Chanelling child interest through toys and games 4. Verbal appellation : giving child nicknames based on gender expectations

Question 37

What are the studies for workplace and informal social Control ?

Answer 37

Informal socialisation and canteen culture

Question 38

What is informal socialisation for workplace and informal social control

Answer 38

Informally colleagues will help to re-socialise an individual in a similar way to peer groups at school by making it clear what is clear and sanctioning unacceptable behaviour

Question 39

Examples for informal socialisation of making clear what is unacceptable and expected behaviour for workplace and informal social control ?

Answer 39

Sucking up to boss too much which will be made clear through informal sanctions such as silent treatment that it’s not example

Question 40

What is canteen culture for workplace for informal social control ?

Answer 40

Norms and values those who work in a particular organisation are socialised to accept and it becomes the norm e.g language where professionalism slides linked to racism with police even those who are not racist believe will need to act the same to fit in

Question 41

What is the studies for media and informal social control ?

Answer 41

Representation : the male gaze Consumer culture and Internet

Question 42

What does representation: the male gaze say about socialisation of media and informal social control ?

Answer 42

We are socialised by media through representation of different social groups that influences our views

Question 43

Example of how media influence our views for male gaze and media for informal social control

Answer 43

Women are represented in a stereotypical way so it will affect the way we judge women and women’s self image

Question 44

What is made gaze according to representation : male gaze for media and informal social control ?

Answer 44

Camera in films courses on female body and encourages viewers to asses their bodies and their attractiveness for men appeal

Question 45

What is consumer culture and internet : Alexander Schouten for media and informal social control ?

Answer 45

Social media influencer have an impact on our buying habits as influencers are seen as more trustworthy than celebrities as feel as they relate more with them and influencers promote products better so people likely to consume product promoted by them