SOCIAL COGNITON Flashcards
3 Influences of Social Cognition
Person Factors
Behaviour Factors
Environment Factors
what is learning by observing others?
modelling
what are the 4 elements of observational learning
- Attention
- Retention
- Production
- Motivation and Reinforcement
- Direct reinforcement
- Vicarious reinforcement
- Self-reinforcement
Observational learning (modeling) can help with:
- Directing attention (social referencing)
- Diction of already known behaviors in unfamiliar situations
- Altering inhibitions
- Teaching new behaviors and attitudes
- Arousing emotions
what is the ability to make intentional choices, design, and execute plans and actions?
human agency
what is it when people bring their influence to bear on their own functioning and on environmental events?
individual agency
what is it when sometimes people don’t have direct control over resources, so they exercise proxy agency by influencing others who have resources. Eg, going to the Dean when you do not like the Professor’s exam ?
Proxy Agency
what is it when some things are not attainable by individuals so pooling knowledge, skills, and resources can lead to shape the future?
collective agency
Self-Effiacy
context specific
strong predictor of behaviour
self-concept
global contrust
Contains many perceptions about self, including self efficacy
self-esteem
Judgements of self worth
Here is what I am good at and what I an not
4 SOURCES OF SELF-EFFICACY
Mastery Experiences
Direct success increases efficacy; failure lower it
Strongest source in adults
Intent to get better at something
Children, may not view education from a mastery lens
4 SOURCES OF SELF-EFFICACY
Physiological and Emotional Arousal
Anxious and worried or excited and ‘psyched’?
We need a little bit of anxiety but not a lot
4 SOURCES OF SELF-EFFICACY
Vicarious Experiences
Accomplishments are modeled by someone else
Vicarious, living through someone’s experience
If they can do it, I can do it
4 SOURCES OF SELF-EFFICACY
Social Persuasion
A ‘pep talk’ or specific performance feedback
Greater Efficacy leads to:
- Greater effort (more effort into something you feel more motivated to learn)
- Persistence in the face of setbacks (do you give up right away?)
-Higher goals (what do I actually want to accomplish?)
-Finding new strategies (finding new ways to accomplish those goals)
Lower efficacy leads to:
-Task avoidance
-Giving up easily
Teachers with high sense of efficacy
Work harder
Persist longer
Are less likely to experience burnout
Teachers sense of efficacy is higher when
Other teachers and administrators have high expectations
Teacher receive help from their principals in solving instructional and management problems
Factors that Influence Self-Regulation :
Knowledge
Understand self, subject, task, and learning strategy
Being aware of my thinking, strengths and weaknesses
Motivation
See the purpose in the task
Volition
Follow through and persistence
Sticking with a problem and working it through
what is this doing?
Analyzing the task
Setting goals
Engaging in learning
adjusting/reflecting
self-regulate
Teaching Students to be Self-Regulated
Provide opportunities to identity and analyze the task at hand
teach learning strategies
Encourage students to reflect on whether they were successful and devise
strategies for overcoming shortcomings in their self-regulation process
what does Cognitive Behaviour Modification focus on?
self-talk to regulate behaviour
what are self-talk strategies
Listening
Planning
Working
Checking
what does Emotional Self-Regulation focus on?
Awareness of own emotions and the feelings of others
what are the emotional self regulation skills?
Self-awareness
Self-management
Social awareness
Relationship skills
Responsible decision making
Achievable, try challenging
Have multiple goals
Engage students and extend over time
Provide students with feedback
what teaching strategy is this?
Assign Complex Tasks
Choice results in increases motivation
Choice allows students to adjust level of challenge
Model good decision making for students
what teaching strategy is this?
Share control with students
Evaluation embedded within activities
Should emphasis process as well as products
Focus on personal progress
Often less anxiety than with traditional assessment
what teaching strategy is this?
Assign tasks that are self-evaluative
Effective collaboration reflects climate of community
Collaboration encourages co-regulation
what teaching strategy is this?
encourage collaboration
