Social cognition and attitudes Flashcards
Durability bias
people overestimate how long an event will affect them
Hot cognition
Influenced by desires and feelings.
Directional goals
The motivation to reach a particular outcome or judgment.
need for closure
the desire to come to a firm conclusion
mood-congruent memory
Better able to recall memories that have a mood similar to our current mood.
Attitude
Evaluating an entity with favor or disfavor
explicit attitude
participants are directly asked to provide their attitudes toward various objects, people, or issues
Implicit attitude
An attitude that a person does verbally or overtly express.
Social cognition
How people think about others and the social world
Schema
Mental blueprint for how we expect people to behave
Heuristics
Mental shortcuts
availability heuristic
The frequency or likelihood of an event
Planning fallacy
Underestimating how long it will take to complete a task
Affective forecasting
Predicting how one will feel in the future after some event or decision.
Impact bias
overestimating the intensity of one’s future feelings
motivated skepticism
skeptical of evidence not supporting our goal
Automatic
Unintentional and uncontrollable
chameleon effect
non-consciously mimic postures, facial expressions, mannerisms, movements
Stereotypes
Beliefs about a group of people that guides our judgements outside of conscious awareness
Implicit measures of attitudes
infer the participant’s attitude rather than having the participant explicitly report it.
IAT
measures how quickly someone associates something with positive or negative words
Evaluative priming task
How quickly a participant labels the valence of the attitude object when it appears immediately after a positive or negative image
