Helping and Prosocial Behavior

Question 1

bystander intervention

Answer 1

the act of helping strangers in an emergency situation

Question 2

Pluralistic ignorance

Answer 2

Relying on others to define the situation and to then decide no intervention is necessary when help is actually needed

Question 3

diffusion of responsibility

Answer 3

Knowing someone else could help relieves people of responsibility, so they don’t help

Question 4

cost-benefit analysis

Answer 4

If help is low cost, help is more likely to occur

Question 5

Prosocial behavior

Answer 5

positive, constructive, helpful behavior

Question 6

Prosocial personality orientation

Answer 6

A measure of individual differences that identifies two sets of personality characteristics (other-oriented empathy, helpfulness)

Question 7

Other-oriented empathy

Answer 7

Have a strong sense of social responsibility, empathize with and feel emotionally tied to those in need

Question 8

Kin selection

Answer 8

Favoritism shown for helping our blood relatives

Question 9

reciprocal altruism

Answer 9

Help with the expectation that those benefits will be returned in the future

Question 10

negative state relief model

Answer 10

People help to make themselves feel better

Question 11

Aurosal: cost-reward model

Answer 11

aversive feelings aroused by seeing someone else in need

Question 12

Altruism

Answer 12

unselfish regard for the welfare of others

Question 13

empathic concern

Answer 13

Help even if there are costs that could be avoided