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Sociology > Social Class Stratification > Flashcards

Social Class Stratification Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is social stratification?

A

Def: The ranking of people into a hierarchy. (Inequality) Based upon social class

Ex: wealth: rich, middle class, poor

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2
Q

Micro-level factors: human

A

Def: Skills, training and formula education. The more you have, the higher you are in the hierarchy

Ex: College, fixing abilities…

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3
Q

Micro-level factors: social

A

Def: Who you know. The social connections that you have that allow you to have specialized experiences.

Ex: After working at the zoo, I have social connections that allow me to visit the behind the scenes of the dolphins and ambassadors.

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4
Q

Micro-level factors: cultural capital

A

Def: Your knowledge of social norms, specifically of high class norms.

Ex: Having niche knowledge that allows you to succeed in a business setting.

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5
Q

Meso-level factors

A

Def: Norms, roles, rules, belonging, shared understandings

Ex: The things are believed and followed across society.

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6
Q

Macro-level factors

A

Def: How international economic systems shape individuals’ resources and opportunities.

Ex: poverty, race, family structure

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7
Q

Symbolic interactionism and class

A

Def: How people interact everyday and how the social world is viewed.

Ex: Housing, clothing, transportation

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8
Q

Conspicuous consumption

A

Def: Buying and or using products to make statements about social standing.

Ex: Sports cars, new phones, mansions

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9
Q

Rational choice theory and class

A

Def: People make choices that will most benefit their social status.

Ex: Buy things they don’t need to seem a higher class.

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10
Q

Davis-Moore Thesis and Critique

A

Def: There are really important jobs that are hard require many sacrifices and therefore require high pay to attract the best workers. The critique is that there are jobs that are extremely important but are low paying.

Ex: Surgeons; sanitation workers

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11
Q

Conflict theory and class

A

Def: Have and have-nots, ideologies that aren’t true

Ex: Anyone can be successful with hard work.

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12
Q

Ideology

A

Def: System of ideas

Ex: Poor people are poor because they are lazy.

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13
Q

Class consciousness

A

Def: Knowing where we sit in the social class and how it effects our life chances.

Ex: A small bill might mean $20 to one and $5 to another.

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14
Q

Education

A

Def: The level of schooling achieved

Ex: high school or college

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15
Q

Health, social conditions, and life expectancy

A

Def: Things that effect social standing that are changeable but very difficult to change.

Ex: Chronic illness can make it hard to hold down a steady job and bring in a high income.

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16
Q

Attitudes towards achievement

A

Def: Major achievements have a large social connection and therefore have a positive attitude association.

Ex: Graduating college = success, dedication, future (positive)

17
Q

Religious Membership

A

Def: Religion tends to be strongest among the middle class. Denomination is linked to class while religion is linked to education level.

Ex: Church, sect, cult

18
Q

Political behavior

A

Def: Based in economic self interest. (Going to support who will best benefit themself)

Ex: Voting for a presidential candidate who plans to reduce your taxes.

19
Q

Intergenerational mobility

A

Def: A difference between the social classes of different generations of a family

Ex: Parents being lower class but children being middle class.

20
Q

Intragenerational mobility

A

Def: Difference in the social class of the same generation

Ex: My sister is lower class but I am middle class.

21
Q

How much mobility is there?

A

Def: There is very little mobility to move up in social class. Essentially the death of the American dream.

Ex: Bachelors degree becomes minimum and if you can’t afford it then you cannot move up in social class.

22
Q

Factors affecting an individual’s mobility

A

Def: The factors that limit one’s ability to move between social classes

Ex: Education, gender, culture, race, occupation

23
Q

Caste

A

Def: The social standing in which people are born into, does not change.

Ex: There is a caste system in Somali.

24
Q

Class

A

Def: Common social status that is determined by the factors of wealth, income, education and occupation.

Ex: Health care professionals share a common class.

25
Q

Meritocracy

A

Def: The ideal system. Personal effort determines social standing.

Ex: Volunteering puts you in a higher social standing.

26
Q

Wealth

A

Def: What you have accumulated

Ex: Money and material objects

27
Q

Income

A

Def: What you bring in

Ex: A paycheck

28
Q

Occupational prestige

A

Def: How prestigious your job is compared to a list of jobs.

Ex: Surgeon is considered more prestigious than doctor

29
Q

Education

A

Def: How much schooling you have obtained.

Ex: Elementary, middle, high, college, doctorate

30
Q

Status consistency

A

Def: Ranking very similarly in all categories of social class

Ex: College degree, nice home, and healthcare job is all considered middle class.

31
Q

Inconsistency

A

Def: Having different rankings in each social class

Ex: High class job, nice home, no college degree

32
Q

We’re all middle class?

A

Def: Only about 40% are middle class, based upon desirability and exposure. Only seeing what is around yourself.

Ex: Around you is a family with a one bedroom and one with a mansion. You have 5 rooms. You are in the middle.

33
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

Def: Cannot meet basic needs.

Ex: Struggling to obtain food, shelter, education

34
Q

Relative Poverty

A

Def: Can meet basic needs but cannot afford more lavish things; below national poverty line

Ex: Name brand items, vacations, summer activities.

35
Q

Feminization of poverty

A

Def: The majority of those facing poverty are women due to single parenthood and the wage gap

Ex: A woman gets paid 15% less than her male counterpoint and he can afford to feed his 3 kids and she cant feed herself.

36
Q

National and global digital-divide

A

Def: There is unequal access to internet and technology across the world. This limits access to information

Ex: Somali has a very small access percent compared to the united states.

Sociology (6 decks)

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