Social Class in Canada Flashcards

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1
Q

Income

A

Earnings from work/investments are unequal; Poorest 20% receive 1/4 of what they should; Richest 20% earn 2x their fair share

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2
Q

Wealth

A

The total value of all assets minus debts is distributed even more unequally; Richest 20% has maybe 4x more.

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3
Q

Power

A

Income and wealth are important sources of power

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4
Q

Occupational Prestige

A

White-collar jobs generally offer more income and prestige than blue-collar jobs; lower-prestige jobs often performed by women, visible minorities, recent immigrants

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5
Q

Ancestry

A

Affects a person’s opportunities for schooling, occupation and income

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6
Q

Race and Ethnicity

A

European ancestry enjoy high social standing based on income and wealth; Aboriginal/visible minority families are disadvantaged

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7
Q

Gender

A

Women have less income, wealth, and occupational prestige

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8
Q

Social Classes in Canada

A

Low status consistency, and high social mobility

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9
Q

Upper Class

A

5%. Upper-upper class (high society) inherited their wealth; lower-upper class (working rich) work at high-paying jobs

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10
Q

Middle Class

A

40-45%. Upper-middle class have significant wealth and almost all attend university; average middles have lest prestige, do white-collar work, and are likely to be high school graduates.

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11
Q

Working Class

A

30-35%. Lower-middle class do blue-collar work; children are less likely to attend university.

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12
Q

Lower Class

A

20%. Lack financial security due to low income; many live below poverty line; some complete high school but university/college attendance is rare

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13
Q

Health

A

Rich people live longer and receive better health care

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14
Q

Values and Attitudes

A

Affluent people display greater tolerance, tend to be more conservative on economic and more liberal on social issues, and are more likely to vote

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15
Q

Family and Gender

A

Affluent families pass on advantages (cultural capital) to children; shapes division of family responsibilities (lower class maintain traditional gender roles)

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16
Q

Social Mobility

A

Common in Canada, but typically only small changes occur between generations; Aboriginal people/visible minorities/women have had less opportunity for upward mobility; average families are struggling to hold onto what they have; marriage encourages upward social mobility; Upward mobility for educated people, but hurt average workers.

17
Q

Intragenerational Social Mobility

A

A change in social position occurring during a person’s lifetime

18
Q

Intergenerational Social Mobility

A

Upward or downward social mobility of children in relation to their parents

19
Q

Poverty Profile

A

12.9% classified as poor; Children under 18 are overrepresented; Aboriginal/visible minorities are more likely to be poor

20
Q

Feminization of Poverty

A

Poor families are more headed by women; trend of women making up an increasing proportion of the poor

21
Q

Working Poor

A

Work part-time or full-time but do not earn enough to life a family of 4 above the poverty line

22
Q

Blame Individuals

A

The culture of poverty thesis states that poverty is caused by shortcomings in poor themselves (Oscar Lewis)

23
Q

Blame Society

A

Poverty is caused by society’s unequal distribution of wealth and lack of good jobs (William Julius Wilson)

24
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

A lack of resources that is life-threatening

25
Q

Relative Poverty

A

The lack of resources of some people in relation to those who have more