Education

Question 1

Education

Answer 1

A social institution for transmitting knowledge and skills, as well as teaching cultural norms and values

Question 2

Pre-Industrial Societies

Answer 2

Education occurs informally within the family

Question 3

Industrial Societies

Answer 3

Develop formal systems of schooling to educate their children

Question 4

Schooling

Answer 4

Formal instruction under the direction of specially trained teachers

Question 5

Functional Illiteracy

Answer 5

A lack of the reading and writing skills needed for everyday living

Question 6

Schooling in India

Answer 6

Now a middle-income country, but patriarchy continues to shape education; more boys attend than girls; Girls are often expected to work in factories at young ages

Question 7

Schooling in Japan

Answer 7

The earliest years of schooling concentrate on transmitting Japanese cultural traditions; More men/women graduate in Japan than in Canada; post-secondary education determined by highly competitive examinations

Question 8

Schooling in Great Britain

Answer 8

During Middle Ages, school = British nobility; Industrial Revolution created a need for literate workforce; Elite schools provide a path for admission to most prestigious universities

Question 9

Schooling in Canada

Answer 9

Universal education at the time of Confederation; Intended to promote equal opportunity but the opportunity to go to college/university is closely tied to family income; stressed value of practical learning, but lag behind in awarding degrees

Question 10

Functions

Answer 10

Socialization, Cultural Innovation, Social Integration, Social Placement

Question 11

Latent Functions

Answer 11

Providing child care and the opportunity for building social networks

Question 12

Self-Fulfilling Prophecy

Answer 12

Self-image can have important consequences for how students perform (think they’re superior, will perform better)

Question 13

Social-Conflict Theory

Answer 13

Formal education generates conformity to produce obedient adult workers; standardized tests criticized as culturally biased tools that lead to labelling less privileged as deficient

Question 14

Streaming

Answer 14

Assigning students to different types of educational programs; Challenged by critics as a program that gives a better education to privileged youth

Question 15

Education of Aboriginal People

Answer 15

Levels of education lag behind; gap is increasing despite improvement; almost half do not graduate high school; residential schools are responsible

Question 16

Hidden curriculum

Answer 16

Subtle presentation of political or cultural ideas in the classroom

Question 17

Discipline

Answer 17

Difficult to maintain; leads to physical assault, and infrequently even murder

Question 18

Dropout Rate

Answer 18

Young people are unprepared; graduation more common in those with 2 parents who completed high school

Question 19

Declining Standards

Answer 19

Lower averages, functional illiteracy

Question 20

Home Schooling

Answer 20

Originally for very religious upbringing; Now believe that parents can do a better job than teachers

Question 21

Gender

Answer 21

Women have better records than men at post-secondary level; men tend to drop out earlier