social class and education external factors Flashcards
Bernstein language deprivation
speech codes:
- MC uses a more analytic and descriptive language clade called the elaborated code. this benefits them one Education as its the language used to school and in exams.
- WC uses a more restricted code that includes shorter sentences and one word to describe things. this disadvantages kid as this aren’t favored ins schools can make teachers label them negatively
criticism of Bernstein
- Bernstein argues that working-class people fail, not because they are culturally deprived but schools fail to teach them the elaborated code needed to succeed
Feinstein parental education
parents education most important factor affecting achievement
Douglas parental attitudes
working-class parents place less value on education
barry sugarman subcultures
working-class subcultures four key elements that barriers educational achievement:
- immediate gratification
- fatalism
- collectivism
- present time orientation
Berstein and young parental use of income
middle-class mothers more likely to buy educational toys, books and activities that encourage reading skills and intellectual thinking
Keddie criticism of cultural deprivation theory
sees cultural deprivation as a myth and sees it as a victim-blaming explain a child cannot be deprived of its own cultural working-class kids are culturally different not deprived
Blackstone and Mortimer criticism of WC parents having a class interest in Education
they attend fewer parents evening, not because of lack of interest but work longer or less regulated hours
Troyner and Williams criticism of language
teachers have a speech hierarchy label middle-class speech highest followed by working class
Howard on material dep
Children from poorer families will have a poorer diet and have less vitamin intake
Wilkinson material dep
The lower the class the more likely children are to have hyperactivity abs mental illnesses
Bull material dep
“The cost of free schooling” hidden costs such as textbooks uniform and school trips lead to inequalities
statistic linking poverty and under-achievemnt
in 2013 barely 1/4 of children who are eligible for free school meals achiever more than 5 GSEs A* to C
truancy and underachievemnt
exclustiona d truancy more likely to happen to children who come from pooerer families
a third of all persitant truants leave school with no qualifications
what % of schools that are failing are in a depreived areas?
90%
callendar and jackson on the fear of debt
young people from working class backgroudns ahve been found to avoid wanting to go to university beuase they are more debt advserse and onyl see the cost o funi rather than the benefit
debt adverse students 5x more likely to avoid applying to uni
2012 after fees were increased to 9 grand application of working class students dropped by 9%
what % of uni students come from working class backgrounds?
only 30% despite the gorup accounting for 50% of the population
reay on choice of university
even is working class students decide to go to university they are more likely to cooose local ones wehre they can save on travel costs and live at hme which lowers ability to go to high acheving universities
what is the drop out rate of London met compared to Oxford
london met have a drop out rate of 16% wehere they have a laregely working class intake
whereas oxfrd has a 1.5% drop out rate with nearly half of all students coming from private schoool
cultural capital
bourdeiu uses term cultrual capital to refer to the knowledge, attitudes values and languages of the working class
trhough socilisation and havung mre money middel class children have ability to grasp and express abstract ideas and more likley to develp intellectual interest
through things like going to museums
econmic capital
wealthy parents can convert their economic capital into education capital by:
sending children to private school or pay for extra turition
leech and campos found that middle class parents have ability to move house ot get in catchment area of good schools
