social change Flashcards
Social Change
The transformation of culture and social institutions
it happens all the time and some elements change faster than others
it is controversial
intentional but unplanned
some changes matter more than others
Causes of social change
Culture and change
Conflict and change
Ideas and change
demographic change
Collective behaviour and change
Define collective behaviour
activity involving a large number of people that is unplanned, often controversial, and can bring about change
Define crowd
a temporary gathering of
people who share a common focus of attention and who influence one another
Define riot
a social eruption that is highly emotional, violent, and undi-rected
Define Mob
a highly emotional crowd that
pursues a violent or destruc-tive goal
Define fashion
social patterns favoured by a large number of people
Define fad
an unconventional social pattern that people embrace briefly but enthusiastically
Social movement
an organized activity in which people set out to encourage or discourage social change
Types of social movement
Alternative social movement
Redemptive social movement
Revolutionary social movement
Reformative social movement
Claims making
the process of trying to con-vince the public and public officials of the importance of joining a social movement to address a particular issue
Relative depriviation
a perceived disadvantage arising from some specific comparison
Stages of social movements
emergance
Coalesence
bureaucratiza-tion
decline
disaster
an event, generally unex-pected, that causes extensive harm to people and damage to property
Define modernity
changes brought about by the indistrial revolution
modernization
the process of social change begun by industrialization
Peter Berger
identified four characteristics of modernization
the decline of small an traditional communities
the expansion of personal choice
increasing social diversity
orientation towards the future and increasing awareness of time
Ferdinand Tönnies
1.With modernization comes the loss of the human community
2.focus is no individuality
3.Modernity brings about impersonal relationships
4.Competition rather than group success
division of labour
specialized economic activity
Anomie
a condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals
max weber, rationilization
- modernity meant replacing a traditional worldview with a rational way of thinking.
- In pre-industrial societies, tradition acts as a constant brake on social change.
- Adaptation of whatever social patterns allow them to achieve their goals
- value efficiency, have little reference for the past
Karl marx, capitalism
- Industrial revolution was a capitalist revolution
2.theories of class society, a capitalist society with pronounced social stratification - Promotes self cenerism
Structural-Functional Theory: Modernity as Mass Society
Emile Durkheim and weber
- understands modernity as the emergence of a mass society which is highly productive and people make good income though they feel isolated and lonely
- Mechanical solidarity: Society was held together by common world sentiments
- Organic solidarity: modernity during which time social bonding by way of specialized work
- Anomie: not being connected to society
Mass society
a society in which prosperity and expanding bureaucracy have weakened traditional social ties
Urbanism is a way of life
- Mass society can make finding an identity different
- People can shuffle from one identity to another
- George Simmel; Blase Aptitude meaning tey remove themselves from society when they cannot fit in
Post Modernity
Shift in technology
post industrial societies
increased reletivism
social problems by modernity
