Family and religion Flashcards
Family
a social institution found in all societies at unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another , including any children
Kinship
a social bond on common ancestry, marriage or adoption
Marriage
a legal relationship usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity and child bearing
Two types of family
Extended family
nuclear family
Extended family
a family composed of parents and children as well as other kin, also know as consanguine family
Nuclear family
A family composed of one or two parents and their children, also known as a conjugal family
4 types of marriage
endogamy
exogamy
monogamy
polygamy
define endogamy and exogamy
Endogamy: marriage betwen people of the same social category
Exogamy: marriage between people of different social categories
Define Monogamy and Polygamy
monogamy: marriage that unites two partners
Polygamy: Marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses
Define Descent
The system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations
Structural functionalist: Functions of family
structural system of family
1)Socialization
2)regulation of sexual activity
3)social placement
4)material and emotional security
Social conflict and feminist: inequality and family
Structural system of family
Property and inheritance
Patriarchy
Race nad ethnicity
Symbolic interaction :
micro level
Family living offers intimacy, build emotional bonds
Social exchange theory
micro level
marriage is a form of negotiation
dating allows us to assess the advantages and disadvantages of a potential spouse
Romantic love
Effection and sexual passion or another person; as basis of marriage
Homoamy
Marriage between people wth the same social characteristics
Arranged marraige
alliances between the two extended families of similar social standing
involves exchange of not just kids but wealth and favours
Infidelity
sexual activity outside ones marriage
Child rearing
The trend towards smalleer families is higher in high income countries
it is an expensive long term commitment
Cluttered nest
Adult children living at home
Empty nest
Adult children moving out of home
sandwich generation
caring for aging parents and children at home
causes of divorce
rise of individualism
romantic love fades
women less dependant on men
marriage can be stressful
rising children ads to the stress
divorce is socially acceptable
legally easier to get
Remarriage
more than half of people who divorce remarry
blended families: children of two or more families
Gay and lesbian couples
almost all nations recognize same sex marriage are high income countries
Family violence
emotional, physical and sexual abuse of one of the family members by another
Cohabitation
The sharing of a household by an unmarried couple
Profane
included as an ordianry part of everydaya life
Sacred
sets apart as extraordinary, inspiring awe and reverence
Religion
Asocial institution involving belief and practices based of recognizing the sacred
Faith
beliefs based on conviction rather than scientific evidence
Totem
an object in the natural world collectively defined as sacred
Structional functionalis theort : religion
Macro lever
religion performs vital tasks,
including uniting people and controlling behaviour
religion gives life meaning and purpose
Symbolic interaction
Micro level
Religion strenghtens marriage by giving it sacred meaning
people often turn to sacred symbols for comfort when facing danger and uncertainty
Social conflict theory
Macro level
Religion supports social inequality by claiming that the social order is just
organized religion supports the domination of women by men
religion turns attention from problems in this world to a better work to come
Liberation technology
the combining of christian principles with political activism, often Marxist in character
Church
a religious organization that is well integrated into the larder society
State church
A church formally linked to the state
Churches
try to appeal to everyone
have a highly formal style of worship
formally trained and ordain leaders
are long established and organizationally stable
attract members of high social standing
Sects
hold rigid religion convictions
have a spontaneous and emotional style of worship
follow highly charismatic leaders
form as breakaway groups and are less stable
attract members who are social outsiders
Denomination
A church, independant of the state, that recognizes religious pluralism
Sect
Areligious organization that stands apart from the larger society
Charisma
extraordinary personal qualities that can infuse people with emotion and turn them into followers
Cult
a religious organization that is largely outside a societies cultural traditions
animism
the belief that elements of the natural world are conscious life forms that effect humanity
religiosity
the importance of religion in a person life
Secularization
the historical decline in the importance of supernatural ad the sacred
Civil religion
a quasi-religious loyalty linking individuals in a basically secular societies
New age religious movement
seekers believe in higher power
seekers believe weare all connected
seekers believe in a spirit world
seekers want to experience the spirit world
seekers pursue transcendence
some seekers pursue political change
fundamentalism
a conservative religious doctrine that opposes intellectualism and worldly accommodation in favor of restoring traditional, other worldly religion
Religious findementlism ways
fundementalists take the words of sacred texts literally
fundamentalists reject the religious pluralism
fundamentalists pursue the personal experience of God’s presence
fundamentalists oppose “secular humanism”
mane fundamentalism endorse conservative political goals
