Social behaviour - the influence of groups Flashcards
What is social loafing?
There is a loss of performance when working as a group compared to individual potential.
What is a risky shift?
A risky shift: a group consensus is almost always riskier than the average decision made by individuals prior to a group discussion.
What is group polarisation?
Group polarisation discussing in a group polarise towards the risk or not risky depending on individual views. A group discussion strengthens the average inclination of group members
What are social norms?
Norms collective shared beliefs about behaviour. Some are explicit rules in law, religion etc. Others are implicit, taken-for-granted habits. Norms are about us, stereotypes are about others. Stereotypes tend to fall into the traps of being negative. It is very difficult to change normative behaviour.
What is conformity?
Social conformity is a type of social influence that results in a change of behavior or belief in order to fit in with a group. Normative conformity is conformity that occurs because of the desire to be liked and accepted. The other type of conformity is informational conformity, which is conformity that occurs because of the desire to be correct.
What is the work of Asch in conformity?
The subject was asked to compare the length of the one line with the other three to determine which is the same length as the original line. The other participants give their answers, one by one. They unanimously give an answer that is clearly wrong. In his experiment, the person at the end of the row was actually the only participant; the other people in the room were actually confederates, or actors, and were purposefully giving the incorrect answer to some of the questions. Asch measured the number of times each participant conformed to the obviously incorrect answer. Approximately 25% of the participants conformed most of the time, and an additional 50% of the participants conformed at least once. That means that only 25% never conformed.
What is deindividuation effect on conformity?
anonymity – within crowd, by mask or uniform (e.g. Stanford prison experiment). The power of the situation overtakes that of the individual. This enables people to do things they would not consider normally.
What is dehumanisation effect on confromity?
- victims, for example, are made anonymous
The way that we talk about victims makes it easier for us to handle distressing news. For example, taking about war crime victims, are discussed collectively rather than individual.
Collateral damage: The loss of life which is excusable as the benefits of the action in the war zone produced progression
What is disinhibition effect on conformity?
Being in a group allows us to be free of our inhibitions that’s are on out behaviour. You are a part of a crowd that is invigorated, generating more about the emotional experience.
