Social Behavior

Question 1

interactions between individuals from which one or more of the individuals benefit

Answer 1

social behavior

Question 2

examples of social behavior

Answer 2

courtship/ sex behavior
parental care
affiliation
aggression

Question 3

living in what is adaptive when fitness benefits outweigh fitness costs

Answer 3

groups

Question 4

what are factors determining group living

Answer 4

• resource distribution
• population density
• predation levels

Question 5

what are benefits of group living

Answer 5

1. increased mating opportunities
2. group defense of resources
3. increased foraging efficiency
4. antipredator detections, defense and dilution

Question 6

costs of group living

Answer 6

1. resource competiton
2. disease transmission
3. conspiciousness to predators

Question 7

social organization can remain constant or change with?

Answer 7

age
circadian
seasonal rhythms

Question 8

examples of social organizatoins that change with rhythms and age

Answer 8

nightly foraging in vampire bats
seasonal territoriality in meadow voles

Question 9

internal stimuli for social behavior

Answer 9

hormones and genetics

Question 10

external stimuli for social behavior

Answer 10

social context
environmental cues

Question 11

social behavior possibly evolved from what

Answer 11

reproductive and parental behaviors

Question 12

social behavior may have coopted hormones that do what

Answer 12

regulate reproductive and parental behaviors

Question 13

what hormones play a role in social behavior

Answer 13

T
OTC
AVP

Question 14

differences between prairie and pine voles to montane and meadow voles

Answer 14

prairie
- socially monogamous; form pair bonds
- demonstrate partner preference and selective aggression
- highly tolerant and same sex conspecifics
- strong parent-offspring attachment
montane
- promiscuous
- no partner preference or selective aggression
- highly aggresive toward same-sex conspecfics
- weak parent offspring attachment

Question 15

what do prairie/ pine voles have small amount of

Answer 15

small testes and low T

Question 16

montane/ meadow voles have large what

Answer 16

testes ad high T

Question 17

does injecting T in prairies and pine voles disrupt affiliative behavior

Answer 17

no

Question 18

does removing T from montane and meadow voles increase affiliative behavior

Answer 18

no

Question 19

in prairie and pine voles (females) what increases affiliative behavior

Answer 19

OTC

Question 20

in prairie/ pine voles (male) what increased affiliative behavior

Answer 20

AVP

Question 21

does OTC and AVP cause affiliative behavior in montane and meadow voles

Answer 21

no

Question 22

what receptor distrubution in the brain seems to underlie affiliative behavior

Answer 22

OTC and AVP

Question 23

what also increases affiliation in interpsecies relationships

Answer 23

OTC

Question 24

what are other potential roles in affiliative behavior

Answer 24

stress hormones
neurotransmitters/ neurohormones

Question 25

aggression is generally associated with

Answer 25

reproduction or resource competition

Question 26

aggression may have coopted hormones that regulate reproductive behaviors such as

Answer 26

testosterone

Question 27

are males or females generally more aggressive

Answer 27

males

Question 28

when does aggression usually begin

Answer 28

after puberty

Question 29

in seasonal breeders, aggression is highest when

Answer 29

T levels are high

Question 30

what does castration generally eliminate

Answer 30

aggression

Question 31

what is an example of a prohormone

Answer 31

T

Question 32

red deer stags spend most of the year how?

Answer 32

in bachelor groups

Question 33

when do red deer stags engage in intense aggression

Answer 33

during rut

Question 34

large flocks, but relatively little aggression is due to

Answer 34

stable dominance hierarchy

Question 35

dominance hierarchy is maintained by

Answer 35

plumagew

Question 36

what is plumage

Answer 36

it acts as a honest signal

Question 37

what leads to increased aggression

Answer 37

artificially altering plumage

Question 38

male mountain spiny lizards show tight correlation between what and what

Answer 38

aggression and T

Question 39

when mountain spiny lizards were implanted with T, the males did what

Answer 39

spent much of their time in aggressive displays and have decreased surviorship

Question 40

many rodents show peak aggression coinciding with

Answer 40

puberty

Question 41

in animal contests, winners tend to continue what

Answer 41

winning

Question 42

winning is facilitated by

Answer 42

T

Question 43

what is the challenge hypothesis

Answer 43

predicts that T will only be elevated during specific challenging situations

Question 44

who came up with the challenge hypothesis

Answer 44

wingfield

Question 45

what show both seasonal and acute increases in T

Answer 45

birds

Question 46

T levels may reflect what

Answer 46

ecological tradeoffs

Question 47

seasonal changes in T may be driven by what

Answer 47

day length

Question 48

who show seasonal variation in T levels

Answer 48

men

Question 49

what so peaks with high temperature and high levels of T in men

Answer 49

urban crime

Question 50

who break more rules during summer when T levels are high

Answer 50

male prisoners

Question 51

domestic abuse levels are highest when

Answer 51

during summer months

Question 52

when do T levels increase in males

Answer 52

after winning athletic events