Social Behavior Flashcards
interactions between individuals from which one or more of the individuals benefit
social behavior
examples of social behavior
courtship/ sex behavior
parental care
affiliation
aggression
living in what is adaptive when fitness benefits outweigh fitness costs
groups
what are factors determining group living
- resource distribution
- population density
- predation levels
what are benefits of group living
- increased mating opportunities
- group defense of resources
- increased foraging efficiency
- antipredator detections, defense and dilution
costs of group living
- resource competiton
- disease transmission
- conspiciousness to predators
social organization can remain constant or change with?
age
circadian
seasonal rhythms
examples of social organizatoins that change with rhythms and age
nightly foraging in vampire bats
seasonal territoriality in meadow voles
internal stimuli for social behavior
hormones and genetics
external stimuli for social behavior
social context
environmental cues
social behavior possibly evolved from what
reproductive and parental behaviors
social behavior may have coopted hormones that do what
regulate reproductive and parental behaviors
what hormones play a role in social behavior
T
OTC
AVP
differences between prairie and pine voles to montane and meadow voles
prairie
- socially monogamous; form pair bonds
- demonstrate partner preference and selective aggression
- highly tolerant and same sex conspecifics
- strong parent-offspring attachment
montane
- promiscuous
- no partner preference or selective aggression
- highly aggresive toward same-sex conspecfics
- weak parent offspring attachment
what do prairie/ pine voles have small amount of
small testes and low T
montane/ meadow voles have large what
testes ad high T
does injecting T in prairies and pine voles disrupt affiliative behavior
no
does removing T from montane and meadow voles increase affiliative behavior
no
in prairie and pine voles (females) what increases affiliative behavior
OTC
in prairie/ pine voles (male) what increased affiliative behavior
AVP
does OTC and AVP cause affiliative behavior in montane and meadow voles
no
what receptor distrubution in the brain seems to underlie affiliative behavior
OTC and AVP
what also increases affiliation in interpsecies relationships
OTC
what are other potential roles in affiliative behavior
stress hormones
neurotransmitters/ neurohormones
aggression is generally associated with
reproduction or resource competition
aggression may have coopted hormones that regulate reproductive behaviors such as
testosterone
are males or females generally more aggressive
males
when does aggression usually begin
after puberty
in seasonal breeders, aggression is highest when
T levels are high
what does castration generally eliminate
aggression
what is an example of a prohormone
T
red deer stags spend most of the year how?
in bachelor groups
when do red deer stags engage in intense aggression
during rut
large flocks, but relatively little aggression is due to
stable dominance hierarchy
dominance hierarchy is maintained by
plumagew
what is plumage
it acts as a honest signal
what leads to increased aggression
artificially altering plumage
