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Ageing > Social aspects of ageing > Flashcards

Social aspects of ageing Flashcards

1
Q

What does an ageing population mean?

A

Becoming more top heavy
More older people
Happening in UK, will continue to become more top heavy by 2050

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2
Q

What is causing an ageing population?

A

Life expectancy increasing

Baby boom after WW2

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3
Q

Define healthy life expectancy (HLE)

A

Summary measure of population health, estimates based on question ‘How is your health in general?’

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4
Q

Define disability-free life expectancy (DFLE)

A

Estimates based on those who answer yes to both:

  • do you have any physical/ mental health conditions/ illnesses lasting or expected to last 12m+?
  • does your condition(s)/illness(es) reduce your ability to carry out day-to-day activities?
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5
Q

What is active ageing?

A

Process of optimising opportunities for health, participation and security in order to enhance QoL as people age

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6
Q

Policy framework for active ageing (WHO)

A 
Removing barriers within health and social care in strategic areas
Problems of poor oral health
-systemic health problems
-financial burden
-reduced self-confidence
-reduced QoL
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7
Q

Polciy framwork for active ageing (UK)

A

Retirement as increasingly active phase of life
-give people opportunities to contribute to society
-encourage people to take personal responsibility for own wellbeing incl. health
Policies
-helping those at risk of loneliness & social isolation
-improve local services
-improve recruitment and retention of ageing workforce

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8
Q

What did the review of oral health surveys reveal about oral health among older adults in England?

A
  • Older adults less likely to rate their oral health as good, poorer OHQoL
  • Difficulty of access for older adults living in care homes
  • Limited knowledge about provision by ‘care in your home’ services
  • Need for training on recognition of urgent problems
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9
Q

What is the biggest reason for a decline in sound and untreated teeth?

A

Age (Adult Dental Health Survey 2009)

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10
Q

Which older adults reported the most problems?

A

Those with natural teeth combined with partial dentures

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11
Q

Impact of mouth in relation to others

A
  • Comfort, hygiene, health

- Awareness of public presentation, under various forms of surveillance

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12
Q

Experiences with dental professionals

A
  • Practical difficulties
  • Psychological impact of earlier experience
  • Positive relationships: involve trust, understanding, being listened to
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13
Q

Sociology of age and ageing

A

Ageing as combination of biological, psychological and social processes that affect people as they grow older
Age as multidimensional

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14
Q

Different dimensions of age

A
  • Chronological
  • Biological (physical ageing)
  • Social (norms relating to age)
  • Personal (moment in life course reached in relation to aims)
  • Subjective (how we feel ‘inside’)
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15
Q

Who is old?

A
  • Old age is social construct
  • Percieved 55 (Turkey) to 68 (Greece)
  • Historical and cultural variations
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16
Q

The life course

A
  • Ageing is process that continues from birth to death, but transitions between diff phases not pre-determined
  • sociology looks at this socially and culturally
  • includes consideration of people’s social surroundings and stories of people’s lives over time
17
Q

Define age strata

A

People who share similar social rights and duties by virtue of age

18
Q

Define age cohort

A

People born at a particular time who have experiences in common

19
Q

Life course and age cohorts in dentistry

A

Social context of dental treatment

  • prevalence of caries
  • lack of equipment and pain relief
  • multiple teeth removed under anaesthetic leading to lifelong fear
20
Q

Mechanisms that affect experiences of dentistry and oral health

A
  • legal rule change
  • ongoing research
  • social campaigning
  • changes to beliefs > changes to social rules/ norms
21
Q

Ageism

A

Equality Act 2010
-discrimination on basis of age is unlawful
-public sector equality duty(2011)
Ageist stereotypes
Societal obsession with youthfulness
Interaction with other forms of discrimination

22
Q

Theories of older age

A
  • Disengagement theory
  • Structured dependency theory
  • Cultural gerontology
  • Critical gerontology
23
Q

Disengagement theory

A
  • functionalist theory (how elements of society work together)
  • ‘inevitable mutual withdrawal, resulting in decreased interaction between an ageing and other in the social system he belongs to’
  • irreversible
24
Q

Do older people choose to visit the dentist less frequently?

A

Yes

  • 84% of 65-74yos attend at least every 2 years
  • 82% of 75-84yos
  • 74% of 85 and over
25
Q

Structured dependency theory

A
  • individuals are not free to act in any way they see fit
  • ways in which social institutions shape people’s lives
  • dependency structured by retirement, poverty, institutionalisation in residential and nursing homes and restriction of domestic and community roles
26
Q

Cultural gerontology

A

Focus on role of culture

Multiple cultures of ageing, with diff representations of old age

27
Q

Third age

A

Life after responsibilities of paid employment and child rearing

  • social (rests upon social practices- retirement) and cultural (given symbolic meaning) phenomenon
  • varied experiences of ageing process, older people as active citizens and consumers
28
Q

Individualisation

A
  • social identity less of ‘given’ and more of ‘task’ to be achieved
  • individual is charged with responsibility for performing task and for consequences of their performance
29
Q

Individualisation and oral health

A

Oral health promotion

Individual responsibility

30
Q

The fourth age

A
  • Otherness
  • Social imaginary
  • Meanings attributed to ageing bodies (nothing but the body; beauty work to avoid appearing old)
31
Q

Straight white teeth

A

As beauty ideal in North America. Implications;

  • discolouration associated with ageing as problem to be solved
  • risk of stigmatisation and negative stereotypes
32
Q

What is critical gerontology?

A
  • Critiquing and changing society
  • Ageing as social construct
  • Ageing negotiated by individual, but considering role of economic and political systems in shaping power arrangements and inequalities
33
Q

Areas of critical geronotology

A
  • Structural pressures and constraints
  • Meaning
  • Empowerment
34
Q

Life stories

A

Biographically informed approach to thinking about older age

35
Q

Interview transcripts of life stories

A
  • relevance of earlier experiences to later ones

- going beyond what people say - thinking about cultural ideas and social inequalities

Ageing (15 decks)

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