social and liberal reforms (1900-1918)

Question 1

when was the liberal party formed

Answer 1

1859

Question 2

what 5 groups made liberal party

Answer 2

whig party
peelites
independant radicals
the non-conformists
chartists

Question 3

who won the 1906 general election

Answer 3

won a landslide victory in January 1906

Question 4

give 3 morals around New Liberalism

Answer 4

increased taxes on the rich in order to finance state intervention

increased government spending on social reform

collective responsibility

Question 5

who was the Prime minister in 1906

Answer 5

Campbell-Bannerman

Question 6

why did Asquith replace Campbell-Bannerman in 1908

Answer 6

Campbell-Bannerman died

Question 7

give examples of 2 MP’s who believed in social reform

Answer 7

Lloyd George
Winston Churchill

Question 8

give the 3 reasons for the liberal reforms

Answer 8

national efficiency- defence/war
influence of reformers/publications
desire to win the 1906 general election
national efficiency in industry

Question 9

give an example of a study conducted showing the extent to the poverty in Britain in 1900s and summarise the findings

Answer 9

Charles Booth- Life and Labour of the people of London

35% of people in London were living in abject poverty and that this poverty was caused by a number of factors including illness, old age, irregular employment and poor wages, earning less than 21 shillings per week

Question 10

when was the Boer War

Answer 10

1899-1902

Question 11

how did the Boer War highlight the need for new liberalism

Answer 11

it was a small conflict yet had a detrimental effect on the military, showing that the population was not fit due to poverty to fight as seen by the 1/3 of volunteers who were unfit to fight

Question 12

how was the industry a significant factor to introduction of new liberalism (3 reasons)

Answer 12

Britain had fallen behind Germany and USA in the steel production

low wage economy

20% fell in production

Question 13

give an example of the an act that related to old age

Answer 13

Old Age Pension 1901

Question 14

give an example of an act that related to low wages

Answer 14

Trade Boards 1909 introduced a minimum wage for workers in the sweated trades

Question 15

give an example of an act that related to sickness

Answer 15

Medical Inspection of School Children 1907

Question 16

give an example of an act that related to unemployment

Answer 16

Labour Exchange 1909 (provided a place for people to find work)

Question 17

give an example of an act that related to working conditions

Answer 17

Merchant Shipping Act 1909 (improved standards of food on ships, accommodation)

Question 18

give an example of an act that related to poor diet

Answer 18

Provision of Meals Act 1906 (provide free school meals)

Question 19

what is a negative of the Provision of Meals Act 1906

Answer 19

children who are weak cannot attend school so wouldn’t eligible for the act

Question 20

summarise what the Children’s Act 1908

Answer 20

it was illegal to sell tobacco and alcohol to children

Question 21

what was the Old Age pension Act 1908

Answer 21

those over 70 were given 5 shillings per week
they have an annual income of less than £21

Question 22

Old Age Pension Act 1908 (negatives)

Answer 22

you couldn’t receive a pension if you had been in prison for the last 10 years, claimed poor relief in the last year or not worked regulary

Question 23

give 3 successes of Old Age Pension Act 1908

Answer 23

evidence of new liberalism
the state now had a duty towards a number of vunerable groups

Question 24

what was the Trade Dispute Act 1906

Answer 24

reversed Taff Vale to ensure that trade unions on strike were protected from being sued by employers

Question 25

what were the 2 parts that were covered in the National Insurance Act 1911

Answer 25

health insurance
unemployment insurance

Question 26

summarise the health insurance provision section of the National Insurance Act 1911

Answer 26

workers were given sickness benefit for 10 shillings for 13 weeks but exceptions for women and the disabled

Question 27

summarise the unemployment insurance provision section of the National Insurance Act 1911

Answer 27

insured workers had a payment of 7 shillings per week up to 15 weeks

Question 28

what was the response to national insurance from labour

Answer 28

negative

not enough funds
believed it was a short term solution (didn’t tackle unemployment)

Question 29

what was the response to national insurance from the conservatives

Answer 29

negative

goes against individual freedom