Social and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood Flashcards
What is the connection between the sense of belonging and well-being?
There is a connection where feelings of belonging improve a person’s level of health
What is the mortality rate among religious participants?
Mortality is lowest among religious participants
What benefits come from participation in religious activities?
Benefits include opportunity to help others and intergenerational involvement
What is the relationship between volunteering and happiness in older adults?
People who volunteer are happier and healthier in their elder years
What age group of Canadians volunteers the most hours annually?
Canadians aged 65 to 74 clocked the highest number of annual volunteer hours (234 hours)
What contributes to life satisfaction in older adults?
A sense of personal well-being and an individual’s perception of her own situation
Which age group has the highest levels of life satisfaction?
Older Canadians, along with adolescents, have the highest levels of life satisfaction
What is a criticism of the Successful Aging Paradigm?
It can give the erroneous impression that all effects of aging are under one’s control
What is religious coping?
A primary means of managing anxiety and depression among seniors
Which gender tends to utilize religious coping more in Canada?
Canadian women make more use of religious coping than men
How do religious seniors view aging compared to nonreligious peers?
Religious seniors are more likely to view old age as a chapter in an ongoing story
What is a common concern among potential employers regarding older adults?
Older adults’ ability to learn new job skills
What factors can affect an older adult’s recovery after a health crisis?
Willingness to engage in rehabilitation and individual responses to health crises
What is the impact of retirement on health?
Retirement has essentially no impact on health; individuals may retire due to poor health
What is the effect of marital status on life satisfaction among older adults?
Married older adults have higher life satisfaction, better health, and lower rates of depression
What does the concept of successful aging include?
Good physical health, retention of mental abilities, and engagement in social and productive activities
What is the relationship between social engagement and successful aging?
Social engagement provides opportunities for older adults to give and receive support
What is cognitive adventurousness?
A willingness to learn new things that contributes to successful aging
What is the activity theory in late-life psychosocial functioning?
The idea that it is normal and healthy for older adults to remain as active as possible
What is the disengagement theory?
The theory that it is normal and healthy for older adults to scale down their social lives
What does continuity theory suggest?
Older adults adapt life-long interests and activities to limitations imposed by physical aging
What is the impact of poverty on unattached older adults in Canada?
Unattached older adults continue to be poorer than their peers who live in families
What percentage of seniors move within a 5-year period?
Only about 30% of seniors move within a 5-year period
What is an amenity move?
A post-retirement move away from kin to a location that has desirable features
What is compensatory migration?
A move to a location near family or friends when an elder requires frequent help
What is institutional migration?
A move to an institution such as a nursing home necessitated by a disability
What is the overall balance of emotions in the life-review process correlated with?
Seniors’ mental health
What is the significance of reminiscence in older adults?
It is a positive emotional experience often seen as a way of communicating experiences
What is the role of social isolation in older adults’ health?
Social isolation can lead to feelings of loneliness and is associated with an increased risk of mortality
Fill in the blank: Successful aging has three components: good physical health, retention of mental abilities, and _______.
continuing engagement in social and productive activities
True or False: Critics of the Successful Aging Paradigm believe it should be balanced against the realities of life in late adulthood.
True
What percentage of Canadians over age 65 live in long-term care or senior’s residential homes?
6.8%
How do the ages of couples in Canada today compare to the past?
Couples are closer in age to each other now
What type of abuse are male abusers more likely to commit?
Physical abuse
What type of abuse are female abusers more likely to commit?
Neglect
What percentage of seniors reported emotional abuse and/or financial exploitation?
7%
What are common victim risk factors for elder abuse?
- Functional dependence on others
- Disability
- Poor physical and/or mental health
- Cognitive impairment
- Low income
What contributes to older adults’ sense of well-being?
Social relationships
What is essential to life satisfaction for most elderly adults?
Meaningful social roles
How often do 50% of older parents in Canada see their children?
At least once a week
What is more important for seniors: the satisfaction with family contacts or the frequency of visitation?
Satisfaction with family contacts
True or False: Childless elders are just as happy and well-adjusted as those who have children.
True
What type of interactions between grandparents and grandchildren are beneficial?
Interactions between grandchildren and grandparents
What portion of retirement income do non-government sources provide?
The largest portion
What is the average income level of retired adults in most developed countries compared to pre-retirement levels?
60-80% of pre-retirement levels
What is the median retirement age for Canadian women compared to men?
1.5 years younger
Fill in the blank: Those who anticipate _______ in addition to CPP or QPP retire earlier.
pension support
What health condition creates a strong push toward early retirement?
Poor health
What was the average retirement age in Canada in 2000?
61 years of age
What characterizes the transition from work to retirement?
A remarkable capacity for adaptation
How do social networks differ between older men and women?
Men’s friendships involve less disclosure and less intimacy
What impact does contact with friends have on older adults?
Significant impact on life satisfaction, self-esteem, and loneliness
What is a common characteristic of friendships compared to family relationships for older adults?
More reciprocal or equitable
What is the relationship between religious service attendance and life satisfaction among Canadian adults?
Regular attendees are more optimistic, physically healthier, live longer, and are less stressed.
True or False: Adult women attend religious services more regularly than men.
True
