Social

Question 1

What is China’s worst criteria in terms of social indicator scores? What does this include ?

Answer 1

Opportunities

• personal rights
• personal freedom
  e. g internet censorship

Question 2

On what score only does India rank above China?

Answer 2

Opportunity

Question 3

In terms of Basic Human Needs how do I / C compare to rest of world?

Answer 3

both populations population size is proving a burden

both rank poorly compared to Western nations

Question 4

In what criteria is there the largest divergence between Western Nations and China / India?

Answer 4

Opportunity

Question 5

Why does India’s low opportunity score, even though greater than China’s, reflect increasingly badly on it?

Answer 5

India is supposed to be the world’s largest democracy

China follows authoritarian communist political system

Question 6

What type of elections are held in China?

Answer 6

No general elections

Although can vote for Local People’s Congresses

Question 7

What type of elections are held in India?

Answer 7

no election to decide on the PM

public votes in the Lak Sabha (lower Parliament) who determine the PM

Question 8

What is the trend in Asia in terms of industrialisation and democracy?

Answer 8

tend to move towards industrialisation before fully democratising e.g Taiwan

Question 9

HDI rank India and China

Answer 9

India : 130th

China : 90th

Question 10

Where is greater inequality present, India or China? What is happening to this currently?

Answer 10

China

China’s gini increasing quickly - so moving towards greater equality

Question 11

Hong-Kong HDI rank - this links to what?

Answer 11

12th

colonial legacy

Question 12

Number of people in poverty:
India
China
USA

Answer 12

India : 400million

China : 157million

USA : 1.6million (although mass government assistance)

Question 13

In terms of poverty India and China have what rankings globally?

Answer 13

1st India

2nd China

Question 14

Life expectancy at birth:

China

India

Answer 14

China : 76

India : 68

Question 15

How many people is India adding to their workforce annually?

Answer 15

10million

Question 16

What do demographics suggest about the future swing of growth?

Answer 16

the very factor which allowed China to have such growth is now swinging towards India’s favour

Question 17

What will India’s % of dependents reduce from?

Answer 17

43.3% to 41.2%

Question 18

What will China’s % of dependents increase from?

Answer 18

33.5% to 45%

Question 19

Current populations;

India
China

Answer 19

1. 36billion - China

1. 29billion - India

Question 20

Why does India have the potential to take major growth from demographic dividends?

Answer 20

many other large economies dealing with ageing populations

Question 21

What major factor is essential to countries taking advantage of their demographic dividends?

Answer 21

• continuity of governance
• secular governance
• competent governance

Question 22

When will India overtake China’s population?

Answer 22

Between 2020-2030

May change due to relaxation of O.C.p

Question 23

When did China introduce one child policy?

Answer 23

1970s

Question 24

What was both China and India’s urbanisation % in 1990?

Answer 24

25%

Question 25

China's urbanisation % India's urbanisation %

Answer 25

55. 5% - China | 32. 5% - India

Question 26

Adult literacy rates; Why? What effect will this have? India China

Answer 26

India - under 70% China : 95%+ China invests more in education Greater levels of innovation (e.g more patents / domestic companies)

Question 27

By 2050 what will the % of young dependents be like compared to now in India and China?

Answer 27

both make up a smaller % of population

Question 28

Compare the fraction of China's population not working in 2015 to 2050

Answer 28

1/3 of population dependents - 2015 1/2 of population dependents - 2050

Question 29

Why is an increase proportion of dependents not good for China?

Answer 29

unfavourable ratio of working population tax payers to dependents

Question 30

What are pensions currently restricted to in China?

Answer 30

only workers in state enterprises

Question 31

Why will the number of people who can receive a pension in China decline soon under the current model ?

Answer 31

- growth of private enterprise | - modernisation of agriculture

Question 32

What will China need to do to provide for their ageing population?

Answer 32

- adopt social security scheme ($$$) | - relaxation of OCP (2015)

Question 33

India's birth rate will continue to increase up to 2050. What will this put a strain on?

Answer 33

- healthcare system - education - resources for growing population

Question 34

Number of people in slavery; China India

Answer 34

China - 2.9million India - 14million (1/3 of global slave population)

Question 35

Which view points to the extreme levels of poverty and slavery?

Answer 35

The Diplomat, View 2

Question 36

Which view points to China's one child policy now being a disadvantage in terms of China's growth?

Answer 36

Time

Question 37

Why can Time's viewpoint on China's demographics now be disputed?

Answer 37

Article was written in 2013 China has now shown flexibility and recognition of its ageing population via relaxing OCP in 2015

Question 38

Argument for why the USA may still have advantageous population in terms of workforce;

Answer 38

high immigration levels will sustain a younger, faster growing population labour force may help them keep their position as a superpower

Question 39

What is present in both India and China which may receive backlash from the West?

Answer 39

human rights abuses some occasions of use of child labour

Question 40

Is Chinese Confucianism a threat to US cultural hegemony? Explain. How many Confucian institutes in 2015?

Answer 40

no - largely destroyed during cultural revolution and rise of communism although a form of soft power via promotion of Chinese language and culture in Confucian Institutes worldwide 500 institutes in 2015