Domestic Governance

Question 1

In India what % of national Parliament Seats were held by women?

Answer 1

12%

Question 2

India’s election turnout

Answer 2

66%

Question 3

USA’s election turn out

Answer 3

55-60%

Question 4

The greater the democracy level, the greater the GNI per capita - what are India and China in relation to this trend?

Answer 4

both anomalies

Question 5

China’s democracy index score;

India’s;

Answer 5

3 - China

7.7 - India

Question 6

What does India’s moderate democracy index score show?

Answer 6

being the largest democracy doesn’t mean you are the most fairest, void of corruption or freest

Question 7

Who ranks highest in GNI per capita in the democracy graph? Why may this be?

Answer 7

South Korea

smaller population = greater per capita wealth

Question 8

Reason for why Chinese culture may not be as pervasive or have the potential to spread?

Answer 8

lack of democracy / freedoms mean culture is not thriving on a global scale
e.g only certain movies in production, censored newspapers

Question 9

What was Bollywood’s earnings compared to Hollywoods?

Answer 9

20% of Hollywood’s earnings

Question 10

Who sells more tickets in a year? Bollywood or Hollywood? What does this say about projecting cultural soft power?

Answer 10

Bollywood

Mass exertion of soft power via culture

Question 11

What is a possibility of the rise of CHina’s middle class in terms of democracy?

Answer 11

may start demanding increased freedoms to spend their wealth

leading to tension / conflict / protest
e.g “Umbrella Riots”

Question 12

What is happening to the number of daily protests in China?

Answer 12

Increased as long-term growth recedes

2011 : 3daily
2015 : 15daily

Question 13

What does India’s democracy allow for opposition to? Give an example and explain why this may be a hinderance? Does China face this problem?

Answer 13

top-down projects
e.g opposition to nuclear over safety
leading to continuing energy insecurity

China does not face similar problems due to authoritarian government - faster infrastructure construction

Question 14

What is it argued that in India is causing everyday consumers to find it more difficult to buy goods?

Answer 14

high inflation

Question 15

What is argued can counter India’s high inflation?

Answer 15

more FDI into the country

via providing competition and inflation control

Question 16

What type of model do China’s spending priorities conform to?

Answer 16

Roster’s “Take Off” model of the 1960s

with preconditions e.g infrastructure development

Question 17

China’s spending on infrastructure (transport / energy / utilities) =

Answer 17

1/2 of all infrastructure spending in the Asia-Pacific region

Question 18

Where has world’s largest hydroelectric potential

Answer 18

China

Question 19

Healthcare spending as % of GDP:
India
China

Answer 19

India : 8%

China : 12%

Question 20

Education spending as % of GDP:
India
China

Answer 20

11. 3% India

16. 3% China

Question 21

In India subsidies to help low income families = what annually

Answer 21

$60billion

15%+ of government spending

Question 22

How many people in India below poverty line?

Answer 22

400million

Question 23

What does India’s high poverty suggest about subsidies?

Answer 23

not effective in relieving poverty

not a sustainable solution to improving QoL

Question 24

When did Delhi provide diesel subsidies? Why?

Answer 24

2002

to encourage water pumping and modernisation of agriculture

Question 25

After 2002 diesel subsidies what % increase in cars were there in Delhi?

Answer 25

1000% increase

Question 26

How many more in poverty in India than in China?

Answer 26

over 250million more people

Question 27

Number of people below poverty line in China?

Answer 27

157million

Question 28

% of population in Poverty :

India
China

Answer 28

India : 33%

China : 11%

Question 29

Between 1980s and 2012 how many people were moved out of extreme poverty in China?

Answer 29

80million

Question 30

Why may China’s value-added output not translate into domestic increase in QoL?

Answer 30

much generated in Special Economic Zones

so much of wealth is repatriated and not taxable

Question 31

Infrastructure spending as % of total spending in
China;
India

Answer 31

50% - China

10% - India

Question 32

Name X3 chinese infrastructure projects;

Answer 32

• Shanghai High-Speed Railway : 430kmph ++
• South-North Water Diversion Project
• 3Gorges Dam

Question 33

Name a reason why China is easily able to implement infrastructure projects?

Answer 33

one-party state
top-down approach without obstacles
can bypass environmental and social considerations

Question 34

Partly what is holding India back through their lack of infrastructure spending includes;

Answer 34

• unable to force people to move away from shanty-town slums in urban areas
• without infrastructure India cannot access ‘just in time’ markets
• mass health problems stemming from lack of security of tenure
• large proportion of people in ‘informal’ economy
  no taxes / regulations

Question 35

Why may communism be advantageous in development?

Answer 35

centralised decision making process

government approves which businesses are set up - so fewer failures and can advance a country’s agenda

Question 36

Who are projects in China approved by?

Answer 36

State Council