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Soc Sci Section 2 24-25 > Soc Sci S2 Dates/Numbers > Flashcards

Soc Sci S2 Dates/Numbers Flashcards

1
Q

When the Holocene began

A

11,700 years ago

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2
Q

The oldest fossil record of Homo sapiens were found around when

A

300,000 years ago

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3
Q

When did Homo sapiens become the last surviving members of the Homo genus

A

40,000 years ago

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4
Q

The global human population did not surpass this amount before the Holocene

A

10 million

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5
Q

The current global human population is over

A

8 billion

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6
Q

Time period of the Pleistocene Epoch

A

2.6 million years ago - 11,700 years ago

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7
Q

When did the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) occur

A

around 20,000 years ago

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8
Q

How many feet lower were the ocean levels compared to current levels during the Last Glacial Maximum

A

hundreds of feet lower

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9
Q

When did the major glacial meltwater event start

A

14,000 years ago

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10
Q

The major glacial meltwater event cooled ocean temperatures and reversed warming trends for roughly

A

a millennium

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11
Q

The Younger Dryas time period

A

c. 12,900 - 11,700 years ago

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12
Q

The Quaternary Period began

A

2.6 million years ago

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13
Q

In the last ________, there have been 8 interglacials

A

800,000 years

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14
Q

How many interglacials have there been in the last 800,000 years

A

8

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15
Q

How many periods have the Holocene been divided into

A

3

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16
Q

What years marks the present time in the 3 periods of the Holocene

A

2000 CE

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17
Q

The Early Holocene lasted from

A

11,700 - 8,236 years ago

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18
Q

The Middle Holocene lasted from

A

8,236 - 4,250 years ago

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19
Q

The Last Holocene lasted from

A

4,250 years ago - present

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20
Q

The warmest period of the Holocene

A

11,000 - 7,000 years ago

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21
Q

What was the depth of the ice core in Greenland that bears evidence of the onset of the Holocene

A

1,492.45 meters into the ice

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22
Q

The beginning date of the Middle Holocene

A

6200 BCE

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23
Q

Temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere remained high for another ________ years, despite the flow of cold water into the ocean

A

1000 years

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24
Q

When did temperatures begin to decline due to weakened solar energy

A

Around 7,300 years ago

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25
Q

Between which time periods did temperatures begin to decline due to weakened solar energy

A

5,300 - 3,700 BCE

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26
Q

How many years ago did agricultural societies emerge in the Mesopotamian civilization

A

around 5,500 years ago

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27
Q

In what year did agricultural societies emerge in the Mesopotamian civilization

A

3500 BCE

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28
Q

When did the Late Holocene (Meghalayan Stage/Age) begin

A

Around 4,250 years ago

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29
Q

When was the Holocene Turnover

A

Roughly 4,250 years ago

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30
Q

Starting date of the Anthropocene

A

1950

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31
Q

In what year did the International Union of Geological Sciences reject a proposal to formally name the Anthropocene as a new geological epoch

A

2024

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32
Q

Date of which the Late Holocene started

A

Roughly 2250 BCE

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33
Q

According to the calendar system that Western and global scholars use, when did the Holocene begin

A

9,700 BCE

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34
Q

The Late Holocene began 4,250 years ago which is the same as which year

A

2250 BCE

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35
Q

The Pleistocene lasted how many years out of Earth’s 4 billion year history

A

2.6 million years

36
Q

Earth has how many years of history

A

4 billion years

37
Q

The starting year of the Mesopotamian civilization

A

3500 BCE

38
Q

Around when did the Middle Ages begin

A

Around 1350 CE

39
Q

Humans had cultivated some crops starting around when

A

3500 BCE

40
Q

The Sumerians developed writing, a priestly class, and planned cities between what time periods

A

Around 3600 and 3000 BCE

41
Q

When did the notable climate-related event occur in Mesopotamia

A

Around 2250 BCE

42
Q

When was the Akkadian Empire established

A

Around 2334 BCE

43
Q

When did the Akkadin Empire collapse

A

Around 2218 BCE

44
Q

The Egyptians utilized their own form of writing around

A

3200 BCE

45
Q

By what year were the pyramids built in Egypt

A

2500 BCE

46
Q

Old Kingdom time period

A

c.2700 - 2200 BCE

47
Q

The Early Harappan phase lasted from

A

Around 3200 - 2600 BCE

48
Q

The Mature Harappan phase lasted from

A

2600 - 1900 BCE

49
Q

The Late Harappan phase from what years populations moved out of urban centers in favor of smaller village settlements

A

1900-1000 BCE

50
Q

Scholars point out what year as a turning point in the history of the Indus civilization

A

2250 BCE

51
Q

The Andean civilizations included the Chavin culture from around when to when

A

900 - 200 BCE

52
Q

When did the Inca Empire consolidate control over the entire region where the Andean civilizations were

A

1400s CE

53
Q

The olmec ruled from when to when in Mesoamerica

A

1200 - 400 BCE

54
Q

Alexander the Great time period

A

356 - 323 BCE

55
Q

When did the Roman Empire have its greatest extent

A

117 CE

56
Q

In which centuries was it colder and wetter in the Mediterranean

A

8th - 5th centuries

57
Q

The years where Rome’s peaked power

A

150 BCE - 250 CE

58
Q

When was the collapse of the Western Roman Empire

A

476 CE

59
Q

The Middle Ages are viewed as lasting until

A

1450 or 1500

60
Q

The Renaissance time runs from

A

1300 - 1600

61
Q

The year where there were several cold summers as a result of volcanic eruptions

A

536 CE

62
Q

What year did historian Michael McCormick assert was the worst year to be alive

A

536 CE

63
Q

Shang Dynasty time period

A

c.1600 - 1050 BCE

64
Q

Around when to when did agricultural practices and a complex society allow people to withstand the stress of a dry spell in China

A

2000 - 1600 BCE

65
Q

Zhou Dynasty time period

A

1046 - 256 BCE

66
Q

The Little Ice Age time period

A

1300 - 1850 CE

67
Q

When did Europe witness the Black Death

A

1300s

68
Q

When was the expedition of Christopher Columbus

A

1492

69
Q

Wolf Minimum time period

A

1280 - 1350

70
Q

Maunder Minimum time period

A

1654-1715

71
Q

Dalton Minimum time period

A

1790-1820

72
Q

The 3 time periods of the European Alps

A

late 1200s - around 1380, 1580s - around 1660, & 1810 - 1860

73
Q

Cooling during the LIA occured in how many distinct periods

A

3

74
Q

Colder than usual conditions impacted sites of interactions between Europeans and Indigenous population during

A

the first centuries of contact

75
Q

Throughout when did several European states build overseas empires via various measures of conquest

A

1500s

76
Q

A cold spell during when interacted with cultural and economic conditions in Spain and England

A

1590s

77
Q

The Sahel region experiences drying events around

A

1600 as well as from 1800 - 1850

78
Q

In what century did China suffer social unrest

A

17th

79
Q

Between what centuries did Europeans first arrive in North America

A

15th & 16th centuries

80
Q

Colder temperatures around what dates put a strain on superstitious beliefs about weather and religion

A

around 1560 - 1630

81
Q

A violent century throughout Europe

A

17th century

82
Q

More sophisticated infrastructure and stable governments were able to mitigate the dangers posed by LIA in

A

the 1800s

83
Q

How many periods was the Indus civilization split to

A

3

84
Q

Due to the 536 CE event, several cold summers occured in the Northern Hemisphere over the next

A

decade and a half

85
Q

The Mandate of Heaven became established during

A

the Zhou dynasty (1046 -256 BCE)

Soc Sci Section 2 24-25 (7 decks)

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