Soc Sci S2 All Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

A warm period between ice ages

A

Interglacial Period ; pg. 22

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2
Q

the first of the three stages of the Holocene and lasted from around 11,700 - 8,236 years ago

A

Early Holocene Subseries/Subepoch / Greenlandian Stage/Age ; pg. 23

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3
Q

End of the Middle Holocene Subseries and start of the Late Holocene Subseries

A

4,250 years ago ; pg. 23

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4
Q

The second of three stages of the Holocene that began around 8,236 year ago and ended 4,250 years ago

A

Middle Holocene Subseries/Subepoch / Northgrippian Stage/Age ; pg. 23

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5
Q

The third of three stages of the Holocene that began around 4,250 years ago and continues to the present

A

Late Holocene Subseries/Subepoch / Meghalayan Stage/Age ; pg. 23

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6
Q

a vast ice sheet that covers much of North America during the ice ages throughout the Pleistocene

A

Laurentide Ice Sheet ; pg. 25

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7
Q

End of the Middle Holocene Subseries and start of the Late Holocene Subseries

A

2250 BCE ; pg. 25

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8
Q

A region in present-day Iraq that was home to some of the earliest agrarian societies

A

Mesopotamia ; pg. 27

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9
Q

A period in Europe from the collapse of the western part of the Roman Empire in the 5th century CE until around 1500

A

Middle Ages ; pg. 27

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10
Q

A period from around 1300 to 1850 during which cooler temperatures in various places and times resulted in cooler global temperature on average

A

Little Ice Age (LIA) ; pg. 27

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11
Q

Early Mesopotamian empire that lasted from around 2334 to 2218 BCE

A

Akkadian Empire ; pg. 28

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12
Q

A delta spreading over hundreds of miles in the region where the Nile River reaches the Mediterranean Sea that was home to early Egyptian agrarian societies

A

Nile Delta ; pg. 29

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13
Q

A valley in present-day Pakistan that is home to the Indus River, was the location of some of the world’s earliest agrarian societies

A

Indus Valley ; pg. 29

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14
Q

A long mountain range that stretched along in the Pacific Rim in South America that was home to early agrarian societies

A

Andes Mountains ; pg. 29

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15
Q

A large region spanning parts of Mexico and Central America

A

Mesoamerica ; pg. 29

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16
Q

A Greek king from Macedonia who conquered Egypt and Persia and then traveled as far as India with his army

A

Alexander the Great ; pg. 29

17
Q

An abnormally cold year in Europe as a result of volcanic eruptions

A

536 CE ; pg. 31

18
Q

The concepts that external conditions such as prosperity in the land and perhaps even favorable weather validated the authority of current ruler

A

Mandate of Heaven ; pg. 32

19
Q

A political system where states establish control over natural resources and people

A

Colonialism ; pg. 33

20
Q

Periods of lower solar activity identified by a lack of sunspots

A

Solar Minima ; pg. 33

21
Q

Humanity or other specific group of people move from pre-modern conditions to modern conditions

A

Modernization ; pg. 35

22
Q

Perennially frozen ground

A

Permafrost ; pg. 22

23
Q

Pattern in the Earth’s orbit

A

Milankovitch cycles ; pg. 23

24
Q

Refers to a location of a cave in northeast India where mineral deposits give evidence of a climatic event

A

Meghalayan ; pg. 25

25
Q

The period that marks a turn toward the cooler temperatures that would continue in the Late Holocene

A

Mid-Holocene Transition ; pg. 25

26
Q

A devastating plague that decimated the European population

A

Black Death ; pg. 33

27
Q

The flow of icy water into the ocean

A

Meltwater Event ; pg. 25