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1st quarter 12-pascal > soc sci 2 > Flashcards

soc sci 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A scientific theory on man as a biological being is the synthetic theory or neo darwinism

A

Man as a Biological Being

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2
Q

It enables him to develop and apply his higher level psychological process such as reasoning both inductive and deductive

A

Man as a Rational Being

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3
Q

Human behavior can only be adequently understood by looking into the relationship of man with other members of the society

A

Man as a Social Being

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4
Q

Man seeks gratification of his biological, psychological, social, emotional, and spiritual needs through the opportunities available in the society and the cultural behavior at his disposal.

A

Man as a Cultural Being

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5
Q

Man acquires certain political status and corresponding political role in a political power relation such as being a company president or a janitor

A

Man as a Political Being

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6
Q

Perceived to be a spiritual being in a physical body

A

Man as a Being of Divine Creation

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7
Q

A complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, art, law, morals, customs, and any other habits acquired by a man as a member of society

A

Culture

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8
Q

A social heritage of society

A

Culture

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9
Q

Refers to those tangible, concrete, man made objects, and other material inventions or innovations of man

A

Material Culture

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10
Q

Refers to the non physical ideas that people have about their culture including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations and institutions

A

Non Material Culture

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11
Q

10 aspects / characteristics of culture

A
  1. Culture is learned
  2. Culture is socially transmitted through language
  3. Culture is a social product
  4. Culture is a source of gratification
  5. Culture is adaptive
  6. Culture is material and non material
  7. Culture is a distinctive way of life of a group of people
  8. Culture has sanctions and controls
  9. Culture is stable yet dynamic
  10. Culture is an established pattern of behavior
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12
Q

5 components of culture

A
  1. Norms
  2. Laws
  3. Ideas, Beliefs, Values
  4. Material Culture
  5. Symbols
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13
Q

Guidelines, standards or shared rules on what is right or wrong

A

Norms

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14
Q

Everyday habits, customs, traditions and conventions

A

Folkways

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15
Q

Norms with coercive moral and ethical significance

A

Mores

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16
Q

Formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority

A

Laws

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17
Q

Man’s conception of his physical, social, and cultural world

A

Ideas

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18
Q

Refers to a person’s conviction about a certain idea

A

Beliefs

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19
Q

Abstract concepts of what is important and worthwhile, desirable and undesirable

A

Values

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20
Q

Refers to an object, gesture, sound, color or design that represents something “other than itself”

A

Symbols

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21
Q

A scientific discourse, on empirical approach, proposition, viewpoint or explanation on why or how certain observable phenomenon do happen

A

Theoretical Paradigm

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22
Q

Classifications of Theoretical Paradigm

A
  1. The evolutionary paradigm
  2. Structural functional paradigm
  3. Social conflict paradigm
  4. Symbolic interaction paradigm
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23
Q

Proposes that societies, like biological organisms, undergo different stages of growth and development

A

The evolutionary paradigm

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24
Q

Envisions society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability

A

Structural functional paradigm

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25
Q

Envisions society as an area of inequality that generates conflict and change

A

Social conflict paradigm

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26
Q

Envisions society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals

A

Symbolic interaction paradigm

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27
Q

Defined as a considerable number of people who are in constant association and interaction with one another

A

Society

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28
Q

Latin word “socius” meaning

A

Companion

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29
Q

Greek word “polis” meaning

A

A city with a sovereign state

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30
Q

Politics is the pursuit of power, and power is the goal of all political activity

A

Niccolo Machiavelli

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31
Q

Prominent political philosophers

A
  1. Bernard Crick
  2. Han Morganthaw
  3. Aristotle
  4. Defensor Santiago
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32
Q

The study of conflict of interest and how they are conciliated

A

Bernard Crick

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33
Q

The struggle for power is politics

A

Han Morganthaw

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34
Q

Man is by nature a political animal

A

Aristotle

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35
Q

Politics as power is the ability to achieve a desired outcome, through whatever means

A

Defensor Santiago

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36
Q

most political scientists use history while traditionalists concrete on the chronological and historical development of government

A

Traditional/ Historical approach

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37
Q

concentrating on the informed aspects of politics, it seeks to understand how individuals behave within political instutuition

A

Scientific/ Behavioralist approach

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38
Q

it employs to identify all the critical structures and processes of society, explain their interrealationship with politics

A

General Theory approach

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39
Q

the politics of a social environment and an abstract political system convert demands and supports into outputs

A

System approach

40
Q

it specifies the activities of a sociable political system and explains how these functions must be performed to maintain the stability of the political system

A

Structural Functional approach

41
Q

are concerned with the relationship between government and economics

A

Political Economy approach

42
Q

Means one person can get another to do something even against his will

A

Power

43
Q

Refers to broad areas of social living found in all societies

A

Universal pattern of culture

44
Q

Identifies 11 broad areas of social life which constitute the universal patterns of culture

A

Wissler (1923)

45
Q

Factors that account for diversity or difference in culture

A
  1. Culture Variability
  2. Culture Relativity
  3. Human Ingenvity and Ability to Absorb and Expand New Culture
46
Q

Refers to the different solutions used by people to solve the problem of existence

A

Cultural Variability

47
Q

Refers to the differences in belief, values, norms and standards

A

Cultural Relativity

48
Q

Operations or Perspectives in Viewing One’s Culture

A
  1. Cultural Relativism
  2. Culture Shock
  3. Ethnocentrism
  4. Xenocentrism
  5. Counterculture or Contraculture
  6. Subculture
49
Q

State that cultures differ so that a culture traits, act or idea has no meaning or function by itself but has a meaning only within it’s cultural setting

A

Cultural Relativism

50
Q

Refers to the feeling of disbelief, disorganization and frustration one experiences when he encounters cultural behaviors or practices which are different from his

A

Culture Shock

51
Q

Refers to the feeling of superiority for one’s own culture or group and to judge others cultures or inferior, wrong, strange, or queer.

A

Ethnocentrism

52
Q

Refers to the idea that what is foreign is best and that one’s lifestyle, ideas, or products are inferior to those of others

A

Xenocentrism

53
Q

It refers to subgroups whose standards are in conflict with the conventional standards of society

A

Counterculture or contraculture

54
Q

Refers to smaller group which develop norms, values, beliefs and special language which make them distinct from the broader society

A

Subculture

55
Q

concerned with the study of human societies and of human behaviour in social setting

A

Sociology

56
Q

meaning companion

A

Socious

57
Q

meaning study

A

Logos

58
Q

Areas of Sociology

A
  1. Social Organization
  2. Social Psychology
  3. Social Change
  4. Human Ecology
  5. Population Studies
  6. Sociological Theory and Research
  7. Applied Sociology
59
Q

includes the study of social groups, social instituition, ethnic relations and bureaucracy

A

Social Organization

60
Q

includes the study of human nature as the outcome of group life, personality formation, and collective behavior

A

Social Psychology

61
Q

involves the study of change in culture. and ongoing social problems

A

Social Change

62
Q

study the behaviour of a given population and its relationship to the group’s social instutuitions and natural resources

A

Human Ecology

63
Q

concerned with the population size, Campostion, change, and as they influence the quality economic political, social system and vice versa

A

Population Studies

64
Q

concerned with the discovery, development and replication of research tools that will test the applicability of the principles of group life for the regulation of the social environment

A

Sociological Theory and Research

65
Q

concerned with the application of the findings of pure sociological research to such various fields as marriage and family

A

Applied Sociology

66
Q

refers to scientific investigation or intellectual and rigorous research on a particular issue

A

Sociological Inquiry

67
Q

refers to a person with professional knowledge and skills in studying the facts of society

A

Sociologist

68
Q

Fundamental Procedures in Sociological Inquiry

A
  1. Depending the Problem
  2. Reviewing the Literature
  3. Forming a Hypothesis
  4. Choosing a Research Design
  5. Collecting the data
  6. Analyzing the Data
  7. Drawing Conclusions
  8. Communicating the result of the study
69
Q

selecting a topic for research and defining key concept

A

Depending the Problem

70
Q

familiarizing oneself with the existing theory and research on the topic

A

Reviewing the Literature

71
Q

defining the relationship between measurable variables so that they can be measured and the hypothesis tested

A

Forming a Hypothesis

72
Q

selecting a method for study ; experiment ; case study, survey, field observation, or a historical approach

A

Choosing a Research Design

73
Q

collecting the information that will test the hypothesis

A

Collecting the data

74
Q

working and examining the data to shed light on the hypothesis

A

Analyzing the Data

75
Q

summarizing the outcome of the study

A

Drawing Conclusions

76
Q

Methods, Techniques and Tools in Sociological Inquiry

A
  1. Experiment
  2. Survey
  3. Case Study
  4. Field Observation or Participation Observation
  5. Interviewing
  6. Historical Approach
77
Q

research method that exposes subjects to a specially designed situation

A

Experiment

78
Q

a method of research using either questionare or interviews or both to learn how people think, feel or act

A

Survey

79
Q

intensive study and examination o a person or a specific group, organization or institution is carried out

A

Case Study

80
Q

a research method in which researchers deliberately involve themselves in this activity

A

Field Observation or Participation Observation

81
Q

can be done face to face or by telephone

A

Interviewing

82
Q

asked in a fixed order to provide systematic and comparable data and hence facilities analysis

A

Structure or Directive

83
Q

the researchers do not seek answer to specific questions but to explore a broad or subtle aspect of social life

A

Unstructured or Undirective

84
Q

a procedure where historical materials such as documents are analyzed

A

Historical Approach

85
Q

are questioned that require a participant to answer in their own words

A

Open Ended Questionaire

86
Q

are defined as question types that ask respondent to choose from a distinct set of pre defined responses

A

Close Ended Questionaire

87
Q

involves the examination of data from observations, interviews, and publications which are not statistical in nature

A

Qualitative Technique

88
Q

involves the use of statistics which deal with a mass of data and permit more precise statements of their relationships

A

Quantitative Technique

89
Q

Qualitative

A
  1. Words
  2. Subjective
  3. Inductive
  4. Not Generalisible
90
Q

Quantitative

A
  1. Number
  2. Objective
  3. Deductive
  4. Generalisible
91
Q

define society as a group of people that shares a common literature

A

John and Mavis Biesing

92
Q

define society as a social organism more or less approximate the Evolutionary Paradigm

A

Compte and Spencer

93
Q

define society as a social system in dynamic equilibrium somehow leans toward the social conflict paradigm

A

Vilfredo Pareto

94
Q

he stated that “no man is an island”

A

John Donne

95
Q

they stated that “ an ordinary piece of ground is nothing on the viewpoint of culture”

A

Lundberg & Larsen

1st quarter 12-pascal (6 decks)

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