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1st quarter 12-pascal > soc sci 2 > Flashcards

soc sci 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

A scientific theory on man as a biological being is the synthetic theory or neo darwinism

A

Man as a Biological Being

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2
Q

It enables him to develop and apply his higher level psychological process such as reasoning both inductive and deductive

A

Man as a Rational Being

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3
Q

Human behavior can only be adequently understood by looking into the relationship of man with other members of the society

A

Man as a Social Being

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4
Q

Man seeks gratification of his biological, psychological, social, emotional, and spiritual needs through the opportunities available in the society and the cultural behavior at his disposal.

A

Man as a Cultural Being

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5
Q

Man acquires certain political status and corresponding political role in a political power relation such as being a company president or a janitor

A

Man as a Political Being

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6
Q

Perceived to be a spiritual being in a physical body

A

Man as a Being of Divine Creation

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7
Q

A complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs, art, law, morals, customs, and any other habits acquired by a man as a member of society

A

Culture

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8
Q

A social heritage of society

A

Culture

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9
Q

Refers to those tangible, concrete, man made objects, and other material inventions or innovations of man

A

Material Culture

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10
Q

Refers to the non physical ideas that people have about their culture including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations and institutions

A

Non Material Culture

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11
Q

10 aspects / characteristics of culture

A
  1. Culture is learned
  2. Culture is socially transmitted through language
  3. Culture is a social product
  4. Culture is a source of gratification
  5. Culture is adaptive
  6. Culture is material and non material
  7. Culture is a distinctive way of life of a group of people
  8. Culture has sanctions and controls
  9. Culture is stable yet dynamic
  10. Culture is an established pattern of behavior
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12
Q

5 components of culture

A
  1. Norms
  2. Laws
  3. Ideas, Beliefs, Values
  4. Material Culture
  5. Symbols
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13
Q

Guidelines, standards or shared rules on what is right or wrong

A

Norms

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14
Q

Everyday habits, customs, traditions and conventions

A

Folkways

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15
Q

Norms with coercive moral and ethical significance

A

Mores

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16
Q

Formalized norms enacted by people vested with legitimate authority

A

Laws

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17
Q

Man’s conception of his physical, social, and cultural world

A

Ideas

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18
Q

Refers to a person’s conviction about a certain idea

A

Beliefs

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19
Q

Abstract concepts of what is important and worthwhile, desirable and undesirable

A

Values

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20
Q

Refers to an object, gesture, sound, color or design that represents something “other than itself”

A

Symbols

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21
Q

A scientific discourse, on empirical approach, proposition, viewpoint or explanation on why or how certain observable phenomenon do happen

A

Theoretical Paradigm

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22
Q

Classifications of Theoretical Paradigm

A
  1. The evolutionary paradigm
  2. Structural functional paradigm
  3. Social conflict paradigm
  4. Symbolic interaction paradigm
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23
Q

Proposes that societies, like biological organisms, undergo different stages of growth and development

A

The evolutionary paradigm

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24
Q

Envisions society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability

A

Structural functional paradigm

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25
Envisions society as an area of inequality that generates conflict and change
Social conflict paradigm
26
Envisions society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals
Symbolic interaction paradigm
27
Defined as a considerable number of people who are in constant association and interaction with one another
Society
28
Latin word "socius" meaning
Companion
29
Greek word "polis" meaning
A city with a sovereign state
30
Politics is the pursuit of power, and power is the goal of all political activity
Niccolo Machiavelli
31
Prominent political philosophers
1. Bernard Crick 2. Han Morganthaw 3. Aristotle 4. Defensor Santiago
32
The study of conflict of interest and how they are conciliated
Bernard Crick
33
The struggle for power is politics
Han Morganthaw
34
Man is by nature a political animal
Aristotle
35
Politics as power is the ability to achieve a desired outcome, through whatever means
Defensor Santiago
36
most political scientists use history while traditionalists concrete on the chronological and historical development of government
Traditional/ Historical approach
37
concentrating on the informed aspects of politics, it seeks to understand how individuals behave within political instutuition
Scientific/ Behavioralist approach
38
it employs to identify all the critical structures and processes of society, explain their interrealationship with politics
General Theory approach
39
the politics of a social environment and an abstract political system convert demands and supports into outputs
System approach
40
it specifies the activities of a sociable political system and explains how these functions must be performed to maintain the stability of the political system
Structural Functional approach
41
are concerned with the relationship between government and economics
Political Economy approach
42
Means one person can get another to do something even against his will
Power
43
Refers to broad areas of social living found in all societies
Universal pattern of culture
44
Identifies 11 broad areas of social life which constitute the universal patterns of culture
Wissler (1923)
45
Factors that account for diversity or difference in culture
1. Culture Variability 2. Culture Relativity 3. Human Ingenvity and Ability to Absorb and Expand New Culture
46
Refers to the different solutions used by people to solve the problem of existence
Cultural Variability
47
Refers to the differences in belief, values, norms and standards
Cultural Relativity
48
Operations or Perspectives in Viewing One's Culture
1. Cultural Relativism 2. Culture Shock 3. Ethnocentrism 4. Xenocentrism 5. Counterculture or Contraculture 6. Subculture
49
State that cultures differ so that a culture traits, act or idea has no meaning or function by itself but has a meaning only within it's cultural setting
Cultural Relativism
50
Refers to the feeling of disbelief, disorganization and frustration one experiences when he encounters cultural behaviors or practices which are different from his
Culture Shock
51
Refers to the feeling of superiority for one's own culture or group and to judge others cultures or inferior, wrong, strange, or queer.
Ethnocentrism
52
Refers to the idea that what is foreign is best and that one's lifestyle, ideas, or products are inferior to those of others
Xenocentrism
53
It refers to subgroups whose standards are in conflict with the conventional standards of society
Counterculture or contraculture
54
Refers to smaller group which develop norms, values, beliefs and special language which make them distinct from the broader society
Subculture
55
concerned with the study of human societies and of human behaviour in social setting
Sociology
56
meaning companion
Socious
57
meaning study
Logos
58
Areas of Sociology
1. Social Organization 2. Social Psychology 3. Social Change 4. Human Ecology 5. Population Studies 6. Sociological Theory and Research 7. Applied Sociology
59
includes the study of social groups, social instituition, ethnic relations and bureaucracy
Social Organization
60
includes the study of human nature as the outcome of group life, personality formation, and collective behavior
Social Psychology
61
involves the study of change in culture. and ongoing social problems
Social Change
62
study the behaviour of a given population and its relationship to the group's social instutuitions and natural resources
Human Ecology
63
concerned with the population size, Campostion, change, and as they influence the quality economic political, social system and vice versa
Population Studies
64
concerned with the discovery, development and replication of research tools that will test the applicability of the principles of group life for the regulation of the social environment
Sociological Theory and Research
65
concerned with the application of the findings of pure sociological research to such various fields as marriage and family
Applied Sociology
66
refers to scientific investigation or intellectual and rigorous research on a particular issue
Sociological Inquiry
67
refers to a person with professional knowledge and skills in studying the facts of society
Sociologist
68
Fundamental Procedures in Sociological Inquiry
1. Depending the Problem 2. Reviewing the Literature 3. Forming a Hypothesis 4. Choosing a Research Design 5. Collecting the data 6. Analyzing the Data 7. Drawing Conclusions 8. Communicating the result of the study
69
selecting a topic for research and defining key concept
Depending the Problem
70
familiarizing oneself with the existing theory and research on the topic
Reviewing the Literature
71
defining the relationship between measurable variables so that they can be measured and the hypothesis tested
Forming a Hypothesis
72
selecting a method for study ; experiment ; case study, survey, field observation, or a historical approach
Choosing a Research Design
73
collecting the information that will test the hypothesis
Collecting the data
74
working and examining the data to shed light on the hypothesis
Analyzing the Data
75
summarizing the outcome of the study
Drawing Conclusions
76
Methods, Techniques and Tools in Sociological Inquiry
1. Experiment 2. Survey 3. Case Study 4. Field Observation or Participation Observation 5. Interviewing 6. Historical Approach
77
research method that exposes subjects to a specially designed situation
Experiment
78
a method of research using either questionare or interviews or both to learn how people think, feel or act
Survey
79
intensive study and examination o a person or a specific group, organization or institution is carried out
Case Study
80
a research method in which researchers deliberately involve themselves in this activity
Field Observation or Participation Observation
81
can be done face to face or by telephone
Interviewing
82
asked in a fixed order to provide systematic and comparable data and hence facilities analysis
Structure or Directive
83
the researchers do not seek answer to specific questions but to explore a broad or subtle aspect of social life
Unstructured or Undirective
84
a procedure where historical materials such as documents are analyzed
Historical Approach
85
are questioned that require a participant to answer in their own words
Open Ended Questionaire
86
are defined as question types that ask respondent to choose from a distinct set of pre defined responses
Close Ended Questionaire
87
involves the examination of data from observations, interviews, and publications which are not statistical in nature
Qualitative Technique
88
involves the use of statistics which deal with a mass of data and permit more precise statements of their relationships
Quantitative Technique
89
Qualitative
1. Words 2. Subjective 3. Inductive 4. Not Generalisible
90
Quantitative
1. Number 2. Objective 3. Deductive 4. Generalisible
91
define society as a group of people that shares a common literature
John and Mavis Biesing
92
define society as a social organism more or less approximate the Evolutionary Paradigm
Compte and Spencer
93
define society as a social system in dynamic equilibrium somehow leans toward the social conflict paradigm
Vilfredo Pareto
94
he stated that "no man is an island"
John Donne
95
they stated that " an ordinary piece of ground is nothing on the viewpoint of culture"
Lundberg & Larsen

1st quarter 12-pascal (6 decks)

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