Soc 25: Sport Psychology

Question 1

What are the two types of skills called in sports?

Answer 1

Open and closed

Question 2

What are open skills?

Answer 2

Open skills in sports such as football or rugby the situation and your decision making is constantly changing.

Question 3

What are closed skills?

Answer 3

Closed skills are things such as a penalty meaning your always going to do the same run up.

Question 4

What are basic skills?

Answer 4

Is one that the player finds easy and needs little concentration to do. This could be a chest pass in netball, or a side-foot pass in football.

Question 5

What are complex skills?

Answer 5

Needs the player’s complete attention and concentration as it’s technically difficult to perform: for example in football when taking a free kick which requires good technique and aim. These skills need to be practiced over and over again, so that they become easier when playing in a match or competition.

Question 6

What are low organisation skills?

Answer 6

Has clear, simple phases or parts; for example, a set shot in basketball. You can usually break the phases down and practice them separately, to improve your technique.

Question 7

What are high organisation skills?

Answer 7

Has a lot of complicated phases or parts; for example, a somersult in trampolining. You cannot break these phases down and practice them seperately, as they are closely linked together.

Question 8

What are the benefits of having SMART Goals?

Answer 8

1. Helping you focus on what is important
2. Increasing your motivation to make progress
3. Helping you develop new strategies to meet that goal
4. Enabling you to monitor how well your doing

Question 9

What are practice structures?

Answer 9

Practice sessions need to be planned according to the activity. The practice will then also be based on the skill level, ability level, fitness and experience of the players taking part.

Question 10

What is a massed practice?

Answer 10

Where the skill is practiced until it is learned, without taking a break - this type of practice is normally for athletes who are fit and experienced.

Question 11

What is a distributed practice?

Answer 11

Where the skill is practiced over sessions, or with rest breaks - this type of practice is normally for players of lower ability, experienced or fitness level.

Question 12

What is a fixed practice?

Answer 12

Is where the skill is practiced over and over again until it’sperfected. Closed skills are normally practiced in this way so that the movement sequence can be perfected.

Question 13

What methods do coaches use to guide and feedback on a athletes performance?

Answer 13

1. The individual leaner’s personality and learning style
2. The leaner’s ability level in the activity
3. The sport or skill being taught
4. The facilities availiable

Question 14

What is a visual guidance?

Answer 14

This type of guidance can be given in many different ways. This is either performed by the coach who is at a high standard in basketball or a player who is very good at that certain skill and can perform it at a very high standard so everyone can learn from it.

Question 15

What is a verbal guidance?

Answer 15

Verbal guidance can be helpful - as long as it’s clear. It’soften used before doing a demonstration of a drill. Verbal is often the best for communication due to surroundings of an event where your trainer or coach cannot demonstrate it for you.

Question 16

What is a manual and mechanical guidance?

Answer 16

Manual and mechanical guidance is when the coach is actually in contact with the learner as they perform the skill.

Question 17

What is an instrinsic feedback?

Answer 17

Comes from the performer themselves and how they can improve their personal performance. Too many negative comments can sometimes not be good for the athlete which can lead to de-motivation and lowers self-confidence.

Question 18

What is an extrinsic feedback?

Answer 18

Extrinsic feedback comes from an outside source: for example, from a teacher or coach. Instead of actually showing performing it like at training instead they verbally tell the player would to do better.

Question 19

What is a concurrent feedback?

Answer 19

Concurrent feedback is given at the time of the performance - for example, from the coach on the sideline during a match. This sort of feedback can be acted on immadiately.

Question 20

What is a terminal feedback?

Answer 20

Terminal feedback is given at the end of a game or performance. This sort of feedback has the benefit of being more reflective and giving an overview of the whole of the performance.

Question 21

How does mental & imagery rehearsal help an athlete?

Answer 21

1. Reduce anxiety
2. Builds confidence
3. Improves concentration
4. Helps you overcome problems
5. Improves results

Question 22

How do athletes prepare their mental preparation for upcoming performances?

Answer 22

For most sportspeople, mental preparation starts long before the warm up for the game. Getting the right mindset is something you practice during training, and for which you may even get specialist support.