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GCSE P.E > Soc. 18-21 > Flashcards

Soc. 18-21 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula for Aerobic Respiration?

A

Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon dioxide + water + energy

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2
Q

What is the formula for Anaerobic respiration?

A

Glucose -> energy + lactic acid

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3
Q

What is Glucose?

A

A major source of enegy for most cells in the body

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4
Q

What is Aerobic respiration?

A

The process of releasing enrgy from glucose, without oxygen

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5
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

The process of releasing energy from glucose, without oxygen

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6
Q

What is Aerobic exercise?

A

Working at a moderate intensity allowing the body time to utilise oxygen for energy production and to work for a continuous period, e.g. long-distance events

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7
Q

What is lactic acid?

A

A colourless acid produced in mucle tissues during strenuous exercise when the body is exercising anaerobically at high intensity

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8
Q

What is a cramp?

A

Painful, involuntary contraction of a muscle, usually caused by fatigue

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9
Q

What are fats?

A

A rich source of enrgy, but many modern diets provide more than our bodies need

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10
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

The body’s main source of energy for high intensity exercise

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11
Q

What are free sugars?

A

Extra sugar added to food and drink

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12
Q

Short term effects on the muscle

A

Muscle fatigue

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13
Q

What is a short term effect on the heart?

A

Your heart rate increases

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14
Q

What is a short term effect on your breathing?

A

You use up more oxygen than you take in

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15
Q

What is a short term effect on your breathing

A

You use up more oxygen than you take in

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16
Q

Lever

A

A system of muscles and bones working together to help you move

When you exrcise, your muscles pull on your bones, and your bones create movement acting as levers

17
Q

Axis

A

An imaginary straight line around which the lever rotates

18
Q

Fulcrum

A

The point around which the lever rotates

19
Q

Load

A

The force that is applied by the lever system

20
Q

Effort

A

The force that is applied by the user of the lever system

21
Q

Three different classes of levers

A

First, second and third class

22
Q

What does saggital plane (flexion and extension) = with an example?

A

Front axis (flexion and extension) e.g. front somersault

23
Q

What does frontal plane (abduction and adduction) = with example

A

Saggital axis (abduction and adduction) e.g. cartwheel

24
Q

What are the characteristics of a front and back or piked somersault?

A

You move forward, with your left and right sides moving together in the same direction - in the sagittal plane

Your body bends on a line that runs horizontally from side to side - around your frontal axis

Jumped somersaults are similar. Front back somersaults are whole - body movements in the sagittal plane, around the frontal axis

25
Q

What are the characteristics of performing cartwheels?

A

You move sideways, from right to left or left to right - in the frontal plane

Your body rotates around a line that runs from the front to the back of your body - around your sagittal axis

26
Q

What are the characteristics of twists jumps in trampolining?

A

The key movement is not up or down, or from side to side, but around one spit - in the transverse plane

They twist around an invisible line that runs from head to toe around the vertical axis

27
Q

What is the composition of inhaled air?

A

Oxygen 21%
CO2 0.04%
Nitrogen 79%

28
Q

Immediate effects that an exercise session would have on the respiratory system?

A

Increased depth of breathing/heavy breathing

Breathing rate increases

29
Q

Two by-products released while producing energy aerobically

A

Carbon dioxide and water

30
Q

Two different blood pressures

A

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure

31
Q

How would effort allow the weight trainer to lift weight

A

Biceps muscle provide the effort which allows the weight lifter to lift the weight

32
Q

Why would it be important for your heart rate and breathing rate to increase while warming up

A

Need oxygen for muscles due to exercise. An increased breathing rate makes 02 available in body/lungs/increases oxygen intake. But needs (increased) heart rate to transpory/pump oxygen to muscles

33
Q

How can the heart increase cardiac output

A

Increase in heart rate and increase/larger stroke volume

GCSE P.E (7 decks)

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