Soaps, detergents and Emulsions Flashcards

1
Q

How are soaps formed

A

through ALKALINE HYDROLYSIS of fats and oils

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2
Q

What are soaps used for

A

to remove non-polar substances like grease

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3
Q

How do soapless detergents work

A

remove oil and grease like soaps do but they won’t leave scum in hard water

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4
Q

What is an emulsion

A

contains small droplets of one liqui dispersed in another liquid

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5
Q

What do emulsifiers do,

A

allows two immiscible layers to be mixed uniformly, dispersing an equal amount of each throughout the entire volume

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6
Q

How are emulsifiers made

A

reacting edible oils with glycerol

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7
Q

what doesan emulsifier structure look like?

A

one or 2 fatty acids joined to a glycerol backbone with 1 hydroxyl group

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8
Q

Describe the mechanism of soaps

A

hydrophobic tails burrow into oil

hydrophilic heads face surrounding water with negative charge

micelle forms and negative soap heads repel each other and form an emulsion

non-polar substance held inside micelle and suspended in water to be washed away

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9
Q

are tails of soaps hydrophobic or hydrophilic

A

hydrophobic

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10
Q

are heads of soaps hydrophobic or hydrophilic

A

hydrophilic

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