Random Corrections Flashcards
What is dissociation
the breaking of molecules
Is silicon a lattice?
yes
What is fractional distillation used for?
to separate 2 liquids
Why is 2nd ionisation energy higher
full outer shell
AND LESS SHIELDED
Why might a combustion reation not create enough energy
incomplete combustion
impure fuel
energy lost to surrounding
Why is a fast reaction good?
more profittable
Why are titrations carried out under acidic reactions?
to provide hydrogen ions
Why do titration reactions with permanganate not require indicator
they are SELF INDICATING
do weaker bond enthalpies break easier
yes
What is bond enthalpy
breaks 1 mol of bonds diatomic molecules
What is mean bond enthalpy
breaks 1 mol of bonds in compounds
Why is an inert gas used in chromatography
won’t react with other substances
Is oxidation negative or positive?
negative
Is reduction positive or negative
positive
How to set up a viscosity experiment
Time taken for substance to pass burette
-longest time = most viscous
Can networks form LDF
no since they are covalent networks not covalent molecules
How to tell if a molecule is very soluble in water
lots of OH groups
molecule is polar
what kind of substances are not attracted to charged rods
non-polar
What kind of forces need to be overcome for a substance to change state
Intermolecular forces
are hydrocarbons polar or non-polar
non-polar
What can alcohols be oxidised with
Acidified Dichromate (orange>green)
Hot Copper Oxide (black to form a brown solid
Tollens (silver)
Fehlings (red precipitate)
Ehat alcohol cannot be oxidised by acidified dichromate
Tertiary alcohols
What do aldehydes end in?
-al
What do ketones end in?
-one
What type of IMF do ketones have?
PD-PD interactions
What functional groups are polar?
COOH
OH
What happens to oils to make them smell bad
they oxidize
-becomes rancid
How do free radical scavengers prevent further chain reactions
react with free radicals to form stable molecules
How to maximise profits in industrial processes
sell by-products
Use a catalyst
let reactors run at lowest possible temperatures
use inexpensive feedstocks
recycle gasses
What does distillation do?
separates chemicals with different boiling points
What can multiple OH groups do to a molecule
Make it polar
increase H bonding
What is the systematic name for isoprene
2-methylbuta-1,3-diene
How do emulsifiers prevent liquids from separating into layers
emulsifier has 2 parts
polar
non-polar
hydrophobic part dissolves in non-polar
hydrophilic dissolves in polar
What do emulsifiers do
prevents non polar and polar liquids from separating into layers
