Esters, Fats and Oils Flashcards
How are esters formed?
formed in CONDENSATION REACTIONS between ALCOHOLS and CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
-ESTERIFICATION
What happens in a condensation reaction
2 molecules join together with the elimination of a small molecule
How to name esters
(alchohol/yl)(Acid)
What are esters good at disolving
non-polar solutes
What are esters used in
flavourings
perfumes
solvents
How are esters broken
hydrolysis reactions, forming ALCOHOL and CARBOXYLIC ACID
What is hydrolysis
when a molecule reacts with water to break down into smaller molecules
What are fats and oils
concentrated energy sources (calorie dense)
What are fats and oils used for
the transport and storage of fat soluble vitamins and minerals in the body
How are fats and oils formed
condensing glycerol (propan-1,2,3-triol) with 3 long chain carboxylic acids (fatty acids)
Are fats more or less saturated than oils
MORE
Are fats mostly saturated or unsaturaed
saturated
Why are the MP and BP of fats higher than oils
closer packing allows STRONGER IMF
-more energy to break
Why does the unsaturation of oils cause lower MP and BP
weaker IMF due to distorted structure
-no close packing
How to prevent reactants and products being lost when making esters
wet paper towel used as a condenser
Sulfuric acid catalyst acts as dehydrating agent
-removes water formed
- more ester is made
