smoking effects Flashcards
what happens to cillia cells after long term smoking?
they get destroyed
what are cillia cells meant to do?
move mucus out of the lungs
what is tar?
an irritant that causes the lining of the air passages to start producing more mucus
as cillia cells get destroyed what don’t they do?
they don’t move mucus out of the air passages
if cillia cells get destroyed, what happens to the mucus?
it accumulates in the trachea and forms phlegm
what must happen to phlegm regularly?
it must be coughed up
as phlegm must be cough up regularly, what happens to the cough?
it become persistant
what does a persistant cough lead to?
bursting of alveoli and emphysema
as the mucus accumulates in the bronchi and bronchioles, what happens?
it causes bronchitis
what happens as a result of emphysema?
-walls of alveoli become thin and weak
-long term reduction of alveoli available for oxygen consumption
-reduces lungs elasticity, so breathing become hard and painful
what is nicotine?
a drug which stimulates the nervous system
why can’t smokers stop?
as nicotine is additive
what does carbon monoxide join to in the blood?
haemoglobin
what does it form?
carboxyhaemoglobin
what does it haemoglobin joining with?
oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin and prevents oxygen from being taken to working muscles
