diet and digestion Flashcards
energy comes from what?
food
what do humans break food down into?
amino acids, glucose, glycerol and 3 fatty acids
equation of combustion?
fuel + oxygen-> carbon dioxide + water
describe the banana chip experiment?
-measure mass of food
-place 25cm of water into a boiling tube
-measure starting temp of water
-light food chips on fire and place under a boiling tube of water
-if burns out, re-light until it burns no more
-measure ending temp of water
-the do change in water x 4.2 x volume of water/ mass of food x1000
amount of calories pregnant women needs per day?
11,800kj
amount of calories builder needs per day?
18,900kj
amount of calories school boy needs per day?
10,500kj
amount of calories breast feeding women needs per day?
14,700kj
amount of calories new born needs per day?
2000kj
amount of calories office worker needs per day?
8,400kj
amount of calories school girl needs per day?
9,500kj
why are carbohydrates needed in a balanced diet?
used for respiration, broken down into simple sugars
-long term energy
why are lipids needed in a balanced diet?
used to make cell membranes, insulation, protect vital organs and long term energy store
-thermal, electrical insulation
-hormone use
why are proteins needed in a balanced diet?
growth and repair of tissue, broken down into amino acids
-hormone growth
-make enzymes
-growth of muscle and bones
why are vitamins needed in a balanced diet?
helps absorb calcium and iron
vitamin A-maintain eyesight
vitamin C- absorb iron to prevent anaemia and make haemoglobin + sticks cells together
vitamin D- needed to absorb calcium for strong bone density
why are minerals needed in a balanced diet?
calcium- for strong teeth and bones
iron- make haemoglobin
why is water needed in a balanced diet?
stay hydrated, maintain osmosis, blood plasma, needed for chemical reactions and prevent dehydration
why is dietry fibre needed in a balanced diet?
helps food move our bodies
-made from cellulose
where are the two places amylase is produced?
mouth and pancreas
what does amylase break down?
starch to maltose
what maltase break down?
maltose to glucose
where is pepsin produced?
gastic glands
what does pepsin break down?
protein to peptides
where is lipase produced?
pancreas
