Smoking And Tobacco Flashcards
What is the average age at which people in the UK start smoking?
12 years old
What is the only risk factor for all four major non communicable diseases?
Smoking
What groups of children are more likely to smoke?
Children who have a parent or elder sibling who smokes
Children who live with a single parent or a step parent
Children who have lower levels of parental supervision
Children who truant
Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds
Describe some of the regulations of tobacco in the UK?
Cannot be bought under 18 years old
Packaging must contain explicit health warnings
Tobacco cannot be displayed in shops
Smoking is illegal in a car with an under 18 year old
Smoking is banned on NHS grounds and in public spaces
How many carcinogens are in tobacco?
60 at least
What is the addictive component of tobacco?
Nicotine
How long does it take for nicotine addiction to develop?
Months or even weeks
What effect does nicotine have on the body?
Nicotine stimulates the adrenal glands to produce adrenaline which increases heart rate, blood pressure and breathing
It binds to ACh receptors, acting as a neurotransmitter
Binding to alpha4beta2 nicotinic ACh receptors stimulates dopamine release to give enjoyment and thus stimulate addiction
What are the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
Urges to smoke Weight gain Depression Sleep disturbance GI upset Headache Restlessness Craving Increased appetite Poor concentration Irritability Anxiety
What are e-cigarettes?
Electronic delivery systems which deliver nicotine without the concentrated toxic compounds found in tobacco smoke
What is an e-cigarette make of?
Nicotine
Propylene glycol or glycerol
Flavourings
What effect can second hand smoke have kn children?
Can cause SIDS, asthma, lower respiratory tract infections, glue ear and bacterial meningitis
