Smiley-1

Question 1

How do viruses replicate?

Answer 1

By assembly

Question 2

Components of a virus

Answer 2

genome, capsid, and envelope

Question 3

Capsomere

Answer 3

smaller subunits of the capsid arranged in symmetrical patterns

Question 4

Function of capsid

Answer 4

protect the genome and facilitate host entry

Question 5

Function of genome

Answer 5

encode proteins needed for progeny virion assembly

Question 6

Function of envelope

Answer 6

protect genome and allow virus to enter host cell (host-derived lipid bilayer with viral proteins)

Question 7

Virion

Answer 7

entire virus particle consisting of an outer protein shell called a capsid and an inner core of nucleic acid

Question 8

Variolation

Answer 8

deliberate inoculation of virus taken from a mild case patient to another person not immune to the disease

Question 9

Variola

Answer 9

• Causative agent of smallpox

- type of poxvirus

Question 10

Edward Jenner’s contribution

Answer 10

• 1790s

- Smallpox vaccine using cowpox virus

Question 11

Vaccinia virus

Answer 11

• replaced the original cowpox virus
• another poxvirus
• highly effective against smallpox

Question 12

Louis Pasteur’s contribution

Answer 12

• 1800s

- concept of deliberate attenuation of infectious pathogens

Question 13

Koch’s Postulates

Answer 13

• Organism must be isolated in pure culture
• Isolated organism must cause same disease when introduced to healthy host
• Infected host must yield the same isolated organism when tested

Question 14

Martinus Beijerinck contribution

Answer 14

Discovering existence of non-cellular infectious agents (viruses)

Question 15

Felix d’Herelle contribution

Answer 15

• 1900s

- Said that viruses were particulate

Question 16

Walter Schlesinger experimental results

Answer 16

implied that viruses have a defined composition (like chemical compounds)

Question 17

Oncolytic viruses

Answer 17

viruses that can directly kill cancer cells, but not normal cells

Question 18

Viral gene therapy

Answer 18

modify the viral genome so they can carry foreign (and possibly therapeutic) genes