Smart & Modern materials Flashcards
What are smart materials?
Materials that can react to external stimuli or changes in the environment without human intervention
Examples of external stimuli:
- Light
- Temperature
- Moisture
Photochromic fabrics:
- How are they made?
- what do they do?
- when would they be used?
- Dyed using specific types of dye that respond to changes in UV light
- They change colour due to UV light
- May be used in garments that warn the wearer of the need for sun protection (childrens sun suits)
Thermochromic fabrics:
- How are they made?
- what do they do?
- when would they be used?
- Dyed using specific dyes that change colour due to temperature
- React to changes in temperature for the wearer or environment
- May be used to aid the wearer of the dangers of changes in temperature
(e.g. bandages that respond to infections or change in temperature)
What are microfibres? (give 2 examples)
- what are the properties?
Extremely fine synthetic fibres
(e.g. polyester & polyamide)
- lightweight, soft, drape well
What are microfibres often blended with? and why?
Natural fibres - to give high performance fabrics for outdoor and sports use
What is Micro-encapsulation?
Tiny bubbles that contain scent or chemicals are
incorporated into materials. The scent or chemicals are released or activated with heat or friction
Example of Micro-encapsulated textiles product:
Caffeine-encapsulated tights - can help to stimulate leg veins, which reduces the risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
What two other textiles products fall under the category of Micro-encapsulation?
… Textiles & … Textiles
- Scented textiles (e.g. contain aromatic scents that aid sleep and relaxation)
- Antibacterial textiles (e.g. contain antibacterial properties that assist healing
What are Modern materials?
Fabrics that have been engineered to have specific properties developed using modern technology
What are aramid fibres?
- what have they been developed from?
- what are the main properties?
Technical (engineered) fibres that have additional strength and durability
- developed from polyamide fibres
- stab and tear resistant
What are the two most common aramid fibres?
- what are they resistant to and why?
- properties?
- What are they used for?
Kevlar & Nomex
- heat and flame resistant= no melting point
- resistant to abrasion, cutting, solvents and chemicals
- easy to care for
- comfortable to wear
Kevlar:
- high tensile strength to weight ratio
- Stab proof
- used to make stab proof vests (e.g. for the police force/military)
- lightweight
- can be manufactured to withstand extreme conditions
Nomex:
- Heat & flame proof
- used to make firefighters jackets
- are lightweight
What’s the name of an anti-bacterial fibre?
- what type of fibre is it and what’s it known as?
- what is it derived from?
- What are its properties?
- what does it not retain and what does it wick away?
- What’s it good for?
Rhovyl
- synthetic fibre= known as chlorofibre
- derived from PVC
- anti-bacterial, waterproof, crease resistant, quick-drying
- does not retain odours & wicks away moisture
- Sportswear
What do Interactive textiles, fabrics and materials contain?
- give a real life example of a product
Electrical circuits or conductive fibres= can conduct electronics and power= we are able to communicate & work through the use of smart textiles
- (e.g. conductive thread/printing inks)
EXAMPLE:
- The Levi’s Commuter x Jacquard Jacket
- first jacquard fabric made with conductive yarn
- while wearing, it can automatically detect whether or not your smartphone is in your pocket or bag
- If so, can connect to your phone & control music, answer calls, etc while never taking your phone out of your pocket
Interactive textiles are used for:
(5 things)
- Industrial
- Medical
- Entertainment
- Sportswear
- Automotive & transport
What were Geotextiles used for mainly in the past?
- Give a real life example
What about now?
- Give a real life example
PAST:
civil engineering - road maintenance
and construction
PRESENT:
Protection of agriculture crops - “Aurora luminous” nets that glow in the dark enabling night fishing
What does Nanotechnology do?
- give an example
- properties of fabrics made from Nanotechnology?
Enhances fabrics molecularly without compromising their comfort qualities
- e.g. Moisture absorbing textiles‐ recent
developments include football shirts that
absorb moisture, to keep the wearer dry and comfortable pulling moisture away from the
body - fabrics that are spill or static resistant, stain
How is wearable electronics shown in entertainment?
Club wear:
- reacts to movement, heat and light
- garments with panels that illuminate when the dancer moves
Fashion shows & performances where visual impact is crucial:
- clothing that contain fibre optics
woven and integrated into the fabric
- cause clothing to light up
