Small Intestines Flashcards
What is functions of the small intestines
- Digestion
- Absorb nutrients
- Produce intestinal hormones- using DNES cells
What are the three surface adaptations for the small intestine by a factor of 400 plus
- Placate circulares (valves of Kerckring): permanent folds affecting the mucosa and Submucosa; found throughout duodenum, jejunum and proximal ileum
- Villi
- Microvilliated- on the luminal cell surface
What is the surface epithelium of the small intestines
Simple columnar
What cell replaces other cells
Regenerative cells
What are the surface absorptive cells
Enterocytes
What promotes humoral immunity
M cells
What produces lysozyme
Paneth cells
What inhibits stomach activity
Secretin
What stimulates the gallbladder
CCK
Stimulates pancreas to release digestive enzyme
CCK
Stimulates ducts in pancreas to release bicarbonate
Secretin
What do enterocytes do in the mucosa of the small intestines
Contain microvilli that absorb@
Absorb water and nutrients
Where is the terminal digestion at
Glycocalyx, cells produce the enzymes and absorb the monosaccharides and peptides
where are goblet cells mc found in small intestine
Ileum and fewest in duodenum
How many types of DNES cells are there in the small intestines
11
Type I cells produce
CCK, stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic secretion of enzymes from serous ACINI
Type K cells do what
Produces GIP; which inhibits HCL release
Type S cells produce
Secretin: stimulate pancreas secretion of bicarbonate from the pancreatic ducts; also will inhibit HCL release and the movement of chyme into small intestines
Where are the regenerative cells located in the small intestine
In crypts
Where are paneth cells located
Crypts (intestinal glands)
Produce lysozyme
Where are M cells located
Ilieum epithelium over peyers patches
What is the function M cells
Promote humoral immunity
Results in plasma cells producing IgA which is then transferred to epithelial cells and releases into gut lumen. Enterocytes
