Salivary Glands-Esophagus Flashcards
What is the largest salivary gland
Parotid, produces 30% of total salivary output
100% serous producing
What is most affected by mumps
Parotid glands, facial nerve passes through it
As one ages this glands becomes infiltrated with adipose
What products does the parotid gland produce
- Salivary amylase (alpha amylase)
- Lysosomes
- Secretory IgA
Which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily serous producing
Submandibular
Which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily mucus producing
Sublingual
What does the submandibular gland do
Produces 60% of salivary output
Fatty infiltration possible midlife
What gland has serous Demilunes
Submandibular
What is the smallest salivary gland
Sublingual
Only produces 5% of salivary output
What mixed gland is mainly mucus producing
Sublingual gland
80% mucus producing
All products come from demilunes
What will sympathetic and parasympathetic impulse do to saliva
Parasympathetic- increase amount of watery secretion
Sympathetic- decrease amount of saliva, with thicker consistency
Result- dryer oral cavity
What is the mucosa like for lingual glands
- Surface epithelium
- Lamina propia
- muscularis mucosa- smooth muscle
Smaller blood vessels
What is the Submucosa like in lingual glands
More dense CT
Larger blood vessels
Submucosa like (Meissner) plexus: function to influence mucosa
What is the muscularis externa like in lingual glands
Myenteric (Auerbach) plexus
Typically smooth muscle
Typical fiber orientation= inner circular, outer longitudinal
Where is the myenteric plexus found
Between circular and longitudinal muscle layers
Function- to influence muscularis externa
Serosa or adventitia of lingual glands is
Can be serous producing, can be connective tissues in vertical organs
What is the surface epithelium of the esophagus
Stratified squamous
What part of the esophagus contain Langerhans cells
Mucosa, an APC with some phagocytosis possible
The lamina propia of the esophagus can have
Esophageal cardiac glands
What are the functions of esophageal cardiac glands
Produce neutral mucus to protect esophageal epithelium
Where is the lamina propia located in the esophagus
- First inch
2. Near stomach- last inch
The Muscularis mucosa of the esophagus is a layer of longitudinal muscle which is different where
Thinner distally by pharynx and thicker proximally by stomach
What is the esophageal Submucosa made of
Dense fibroelastic CT
What part of the esophagus contains esophageal glands
Submucosa, glands are scattered along the length
What is the function of esophageal glands of the Submucosa of the esophagus
Produce slightly acidic mucus to lubricate the movement of food
What is the surface epithelium of the stomach
Simple columnar
What type of muscle is found in the ME middle 1/3 of the esophagus
Mixture of skeletal and smooth muscle
Esophageal proper glands are found in which layer
Submucosa
What supplies the descending colon and rectum
Sacral nerves
Is the Muscularis externa normal in the esophagus?
Yes inner circular and outer longitudinal
The ME of the esophagus is broken up into
Upper 1/3- all skeletal muscle
MIddle 1/3- mixture of smooth and skeletal
Lower 1/3- all smooth muscle
TQ
What runs the almost full length of the esophagus
Adventitia, except the last 1-2 inches where serosa is after the diaphragm
Where is the pharyngoesophageal sphincter
Between oropharynx and esophagus
Where is the gastroesophageal sphincter
Between esophagus and stomach- prone to problems, abrupt change
Aka lower esophageal sphincter
What are the four complimentary forces that control the lower esophageal sphincter
- Diaphragm contraction
- Greater intra-abdominal pressure than intra-gastric pressure being exerted upon the abdominal part of esophagus
- Peristalsis
- Maintenance of correct anatomical arrangements of structures
