Glands Of Digestion Flashcards
Gallbladder release bile in response to
CCK and the vagus nerve
What is the surface epithelium of the gallbladder
Simple columnar
Which major luminal wall layer is significantly absent in gallbladder
Submucosa
Does the Muscularis externa of the gallbladder have normal pattern
NO
What are the two cell types in the mucosa
Clear cells-cholangiocytes
Brush cells
What is the function of clear cells
Concentrate bile by absorbing water, have many microvilli
What is the function of brush cells
Produce mucinogen- for lubrication
FEW IN NUMBER
Where is the lamina propia mc found in the gallbladder
Neck, often possess small mucous glands
What is the function of lamina propia in the gallbladder
Lubricate the narrow neck lumen
Is the Muscularis mucosa present in the gallbladder
NO
Does the gallbladder have a Submucosa?
ABSENT VERY UNSUAL
This is why gallstones develop
TQ!!!!!
What kind of pattern does the Muscularis externa have in the gallbladder
Not a normal pattern, consists of thin smooth muscle layer with DISORGANIZED muscle arrangement
Is the gallbladder attach to the liver via adventitia or serousa?
Mostly serosa
What kind of bile works best with small intestines
Cystic
What major secretory portion of the pancreas is the largest
Exocrine- enzyme producing
Which pancreatic cells help buffer chyme?
Centroacinar and cuboid cells in the pancreatic intercalated ducts
The endocrine pancreas is
Islets of langerhans producing hormones
Exocrine pancreas does
Serous acini producing digestive enzymes
LArgest portion of the pancreas is which portion
Exocrine
Serous acini of the pancreas secretion is controlled by?
CCK, and acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerves
Pancreatic ducts secrete H2O and HCO3 and is controlled by
SECRETIN and acetylcholine from parasympathetic nerves
Bicarbonate to neutralize chyme in duodenum
What are centroacinar cells
In pancreas located next to acinar cells
What are centroacinar cells
Cells along with the cuboid cells in intercalated pancreatic ducts
What does centroacinar cells produce
Alkaline fluid with large quantities of bicarbonate ions released into duodenum
What wraps around of the pancreatic ducts
Collagen rich CT tissue
Function- provide extra protection from the possible leaking digestive enzymes
What is the largest gland in the body with endocrine and exocrine functions
LIVER
Why are the hexagonal shaped lobules in liver hard to distinguish
Cue to lack of CT tissue between lobules
What are hepatocytes
Microvilliated cuboidal cells processing lateral bile canaliculi between adjacent hepatocytes
HOw does bile move from the hepatocytes toward the bile duct bronchi in the
Portal triad
What do bile canaliculi do
Collect bile
What is the function of kupffer cells (stellate macrophages) in the liver
Resident macrophages, develop from monocytes
Phagocytosis of debris and red blood cells, act as APC
What are Ito cells (hepatic stellate cells) and functions
Store lipids fro immediate use, store vitamin A, produce collagen I,III,IV and growth factors
Ito cells (hepatic stellate cells) dont produce
College type II
What are Pit cells in the liver
Natural killer cells
What are hepatic progenitor cells
Likely present and responsible for REGENERATIVE CAPABILITIES
What does the portal triads include
- hepatic artery-smallest
- Portal vein-largest
- bile duct-dark stain
They also have cholangiocytes
What are the dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between rows of hepatocytes
Hepatic sinusoids
75% venous
25% arterial blood
What is the central vein in the liver
Fenestrated thin walled vessel that collects blood from the hepatic sinusoids
Blood flows from the __________ towards the __________
Portal triad, central vein
What is the space of Disse
Is the perisinusoidal space
Space between the hepatocytes and the fenestrated hepatic sinusoids
Where does blood directly contact the microvilliated surfaces of hepatocytes
Space of Disse
Flows slow enough so the cells can interact with blood, which is why the liver can take over the function of the spleen for 24-48 hours
What is Glissons capsule
Is dense irregular CT covered with serosa of the liver
