Small Intestines Flashcards
Small intestines extends from… to …..
Pyloric canal
Ileocaecal valve
Duodenum
Retroperitenoel except first part
Intraperitoneal
In submucosa of duedonum
Brunner’s glands
Parts of duodenum
- Superior (L1)
- Descending (L2- L3)
- Horizontal (L3)
- Ascending (L3-L2)
Superior Part of duodenum
➢Pyloric orifice- neck of gallbladder
➢Ampulla; First 2cm, intraperitoneal
o Hepatoduodenal lig (lesser omentum)
o Greater omentum
Superior Part- Relations
Anterior; Gallbladder, peritoneum,
quadrate lobe of liver
• Posterior; Bile duct, gastroduodenal artery,
portal vein, inferior vena cava
Superior; Neck of gallbladder
• Inferior; Head and neck of pancreas
The common bile duct and pancreatic duct enter the medial wall obliquely and usually unite to form the common
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
Major duodenal papilla
bile duct + pancreatic duct
2nd Part-Relations
▪ Anterior; Transverse colon, transverse
mesocolon, coils of small intestine,
right lobe of liver, jejunum
• Posterior; Hilum of right kidney, renal
vessels, ureter, IVC, psoas major
muscle
• Medial; Head of pancreas, bile duct,
pancreatic duct
• Lateral; Right colic flexure
Horizontal Part- Relations
Anterior; SMA, SMV, coils of small
intestine, root of mesentery
• Posterior; R psoas major m, IVC, aorta,
IMA, R ureter, R testicular (ovarian) a&v
• Superior; Head of pancreas, uncinate
process of pancreas
• Inferior; Coils of jejunum
Ascending Part- Relations
• Anterior; Transverse colon, transverse
mesocolon
• Posterior; L psoas major, sympathetic
trunk, left renal vein, aorta, IMV, L
testicular (ovarian) a&v
• Superior; Body of pancreas
• Inferior; Left kidney, left ureter
• Left; L kidney
• Right; Root of mesentery
Vessels of duodenum
• Arteries; Gastroduodenal a. (coeliac trunk), superior pancreaticoduodenal a (coeliac
trunk), inf pancreaticoduodenal a (SMA), R gastric a, R gastroepiploic a
• Veins; Same named (to portal vein)
Nerves of duodenum
❑Parasym; Vagus nerve
❑Symp; coeliac plexus+
sup mesenteric plexus
Jejenum and ileum
Intraperitoneal
In ileum no …
Plicae
Ileum and jejenum serous layer
= Peritoneum
• Completely covered by
peritoneum except along
its mesenteric border
where the two
mesenteric layers diverge
to enclose it
Root of mesentery from
Duodenojejunal junction
Root of mesentery crosses:
-Horizontal part of duedonum
-Abdominal aorta
-Inferior vena cava
-Right ureter
-Right psoas major
-Right testicular or ovarian vessels
Between two layers of mesentery:
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Jejunal and ileal branches of
superior mesenteric vessels - Autonomic nerves
- Lymph nodes
- Fatty tissue
Arteries of jojenum and ileum
Jejunal and ileal arteries are the
branches of superior mesenteric
artery -_
Unite to form loops or arches
called arterial arcades
Arterial arcades give rise to
straight arteries called vasa recta
Veins of jejenum and ileum
Jejunal and ileal veins drain
into the superior
mesenteric vein
—–are special lymph vessels
of small intestine
Lacteals
Nerves of jejenum and ileum
- Sympathetic fibers: T5-9, T10-11
Sympathetic trunk and thoracic
splanchnic nerves (greater and lesser)
Celiac and superior mesenteric
plexuses (celiac and superior
mesenteric ganglia) - Parasympathetic fibers: Vagus nerve
