Small Intestines

Question 1

Small intestines extends from… to …..

Answer 1

Pyloric canal
Ileocaecal valve

Question 2

Duodenum

Answer 2

Retroperitenoel except first part
Intraperitoneal

Question 3

In submucosa of duedonum

Answer 3

Brunner’s glands

Question 4

Parts of duodenum

Answer 4

1. Superior (L1)
2. Descending (L2- L3)
3. Horizontal (L3)
4. Ascending (L3-L2)

Question 5

Superior Part of duodenum

Answer 5

➢Pyloric orifice- neck of gallbladder
➢Ampulla; First 2cm, intraperitoneal
o Hepatoduodenal lig (lesser omentum)
o Greater omentum

Question 6

Superior Part- Relations

Answer 6

Anterior; Gallbladder, peritoneum,
quadrate lobe of liver
• Posterior; Bile duct, gastroduodenal artery,
portal vein, inferior vena cava

Superior; Neck of gallbladder
• Inferior; Head and neck of pancreas

Question 7

The common bile duct and pancreatic duct enter the medial wall obliquely and usually unite to form the common

Answer 7

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

Question 8

Major duodenal papilla

Answer 8

bile duct + pancreatic duct

Question 9

2nd Part-Relations

Answer 9

▪ Anterior; Transverse colon, transverse
mesocolon, coils of small intestine,
right lobe of liver, jejunum
• Posterior; Hilum of right kidney, renal
vessels, ureter, IVC, psoas major
muscle
• Medial; Head of pancreas, bile duct,
pancreatic duct
• Lateral; Right colic flexure

Question 10

Horizontal Part- Relations

Answer 10

Anterior; SMA, SMV, coils of small
intestine, root of mesentery
• Posterior; R psoas major m, IVC, aorta,
IMA, R ureter, R testicular (ovarian) a&v
• Superior; Head of pancreas, uncinate
process of pancreas
• Inferior; Coils of jejunum

Question 11

Ascending Part- Relations

Answer 11

• Anterior; Transverse colon, transverse
mesocolon
• Posterior; L psoas major, sympathetic
trunk, left renal vein, aorta, IMV, L
testicular (ovarian) a&v
• Superior; Body of pancreas
• Inferior; Left kidney, left ureter
• Left; L kidney
• Right; Root of mesentery

Question 12

Vessels of duodenum

Answer 12

• Arteries; Gastroduodenal a. (coeliac trunk), superior pancreaticoduodenal a (coeliac
trunk), inf pancreaticoduodenal a (SMA), R gastric a, R gastroepiploic a
• Veins; Same named (to portal vein)

Question 13

Nerves of duodenum

Answer 13

❑Parasym; Vagus nerve
❑Symp; coeliac plexus+
sup mesenteric plexus

Question 14

Jejenum and ileum

Answer 14

Intraperitoneal

Question 15

In ileum no …

Answer 15

Plicae

Question 16

Ileum and jejenum serous layer

Answer 16

= Peritoneum
• Completely covered by
peritoneum except along
its mesenteric border
where the two
mesenteric layers diverge
to enclose it

Question 17

Root of mesentery from

Answer 17

Duodenojejunal junction

Question 18

Root of mesentery crosses:

Answer 18

-Horizontal part of duedonum
-Abdominal aorta
-Inferior vena cava
-Right ureter
-Right psoas major
-Right testicular or ovarian vessels

Question 19

Between two layers of mesentery:

Answer 19

• Jejunum
• Ileum
• Jejunal and ileal branches of
  superior mesenteric vessels
• Autonomic nerves
• Lymph nodes
• Fatty tissue

Question 20

Arteries of jojenum and ileum

Answer 20

Jejunal and ileal arteries are the
branches of superior mesenteric
artery -_
Unite to form loops or arches
called arterial arcades
Arterial arcades give rise to
straight arteries called vasa recta

Question 21

Veins of jejenum and ileum

Answer 21

Jejunal and ileal veins drain
into the superior
mesenteric vein

Question 22

—–are special lymph vessels
of small intestine

Answer 22

Lacteals

Question 23

Nerves of jejenum and ileum

Answer 23

• Sympathetic fibers: T5-9, T10-11
  Sympathetic trunk and thoracic
  splanchnic nerves (greater and lesser)
  Celiac and superior mesenteric
  plexuses (celiac and superior
  mesenteric ganglia)
• Parasympathetic fibers: Vagus nerve