Small intestine

Question 1

small intestine

Answer 1

Primary role is absorption of nutrients

Performs mechanical digestion (peristalsis) and chemical digestion (enzymes)

All digestion is completed herehow are nutrients passed to the circulatory system in the small intestine

Question 1

how are nutrients passed to the circulatory system in the small intestine

Answer 1

walls have folds covered with villi to greatly increase surface area for absorption.

Question 2

structure of villi

Answer 2

Small, finger-like projections in the small intestine.

Each villus has a capillary beside it

Question 3

function of the villi

Answer 3

Increase surface area for more efficient absorption

Nutrients diffuse into capillaries

Nutrients travel through the bloodstream to the rest of the body

Question 4

main parts of small intestine

Answer 4

Duodenum → Jejunum → Ilium

Question 5

duodenum

Answer 5

digestion occurs

located directly after the stomach V-shaped

receives secretions from the pancreas and gallbladder

Question 6

Jejunum

Answer 6

absorption occurs

contains more folds than the duodenum

breaks down the remaining proteins and carbohydrates

Question 7

Ilium

Answer 7

absorption occurs

contains fewer and smaller villi than either the duodenum and jejunum

pushes the remaining undigested materials into the large intestine

Question 8

main functions of the large intestine

Answer 8

1. absorbs water from alimentary canal (recovers it)
2. formation & storage of feeces

Question 9

Feces

Answer 9

Waste product of digestion, composed of 75% water and 25% solid

toxic to the body

Question 10

What do anaerobic bacteria in the colon do

Answer 10

break down undigested matter and produce essential vitamins

Question 11

Where are vitamins produced by bacteria absorbed

Answer 11

absorbed into the bloodstream through the large intestine

Question 12

what is billiruben

Answer 12

A by-product of hemoglobin breakdown, secreted into bile by the liver

makes poop brown

Question 13

Colon

Answer 13

collective term for most of lange intestine

Question 14

3 sections of the colon

Answer 14

Ascending Colon → Transverse Colon → Descending Colon

Question 15

ascending colon

Answer 15

physically runs upwards towards the stomach

Question 16

transverse colon

Answer 16

runs horizontally across the body

Question 17

Descending Colon

Answer 17

last part of the colon

runs down towards the anus

Question 18

Appendix

Answer 18

helps fight infections

attached to the large intestine, but food materials do not physically enter here

may need to be removed if it becomes infected

Question 19

Rectum

Answer 19

stores feeces until they are eliminated

last 20 cm of the large intestine

opens at the anus, which is where feces leave the body

Question 20

Defecation (pooping or bowel movement)

Answer 20

removal of feces from body

feces forces into rectum by parastasis
the walls of the rectum stretch

this starts nerve impulses

when feeces leave, rectal muscles contract and the anal sphincters relax