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GI > Small bowel tumours > Flashcards

Small bowel tumours Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of small bowel tumours?

A

Adenocarcinoma
Lymphoma
Carcinoid tumours

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2
Q

Are primary or secondary tumours more common?

A

Primary tumours = rare

Secondary tumours = more common

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3
Q

Secondary tumours from where?

A

Ovary
Colon
Stomach

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4
Q

What is the most common primary tumour to be found in small bowel?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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5
Q

Where is adenocarcinoma most commonly found?

A

Duodenum & jejenum

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6
Q

Crohns is a predisposing factor to which small bowel tumour?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

Management for adenocarcinoma?

A

Surgical resection
Radio
Chemo

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8
Q

Where in small bowel are lymphomas most commonly found?

A

Ileum

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9
Q

Most common type of lymphoma?

A

B cell arising from MALT

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10
Q

MALT?

A

Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue

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11
Q

Management of lymphoma?

A

Surgical resection
Radio
Chemo

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12
Q

What are carcinoid tumours?

A

A type of slow-growing neuroendocrine tumour

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13
Q

Where do carcinoid tumours originate from?

A

Enterochromaffin cells of intestine

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14
Q

Enterochromaffin cells?

A

They reside alongside the epithelium lining the lumen of the digestive tract and play a crucial role in GI regulation, particularly intestinal motility and secretion

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15
Q

Where are carcinoid tumours most commonly found?

A

Appendix and terminal ileum

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16
Q

Where do carcinoid tumours commonly metastasise to?

A

Liver

17
Q

What do neuroendocrine cells secrete?

A

Hormones

18
Q

Are carcinoid tumours mainly symptomatic or asymptomatic?

A

Asymptomatic

19
Q

When does carcinoid syndrome tend to occur?

A

If tumour has metastasised

20
Q

Carcinoid syndrome?

A

Collection of symptoms some get when a neuroendocrine tumour, usually one that has spread to the liver, releases hormones such as serotonin into the bloodstream.

21
Q

Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?

A

Spontaneous flushing
Diarrhoea
SOB/ wheezing
Pulmonary stenosis, tricuspid incompetence

22
Q

Key substance which is overproduced in carcinoid syndrome & its effects?

A

Serotonin
Inc motility and peristalsis
Bronchoconstriction
Produce collagen via fibroblasts in the heart

23
Q

Investigations for carcinoid tumours?

A
  • Serum chromogranin A (marker for neuroendocrine tumours)
  • 24hr urine 5- hydroxyindoleactic acid (5HIAA - Serotonin, measured in urine as (5HIAA), Elevated levels = correlated with carcinoid syndrome
  • Radio imaging (mets)
24
Q

Management for carcinoid tumours?

A

Surgical resection

Octreotide/ lanreotide (somatostatin analogues) -> inhibit release of hormones, dec symptoms

25
Q

Somatostatin?

A

Growth hormone inhibiting hormone

GI (9 decks)

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