Small bowel pathologies Flashcards
Malabsoprtion syndrome and symptoms
Disorders in small intestine might generate malabsorption syndrome because most absorption takes place there.
Clinical findings:
Diarrehea or Steatorrhea (fat in stool)
Abdominal bloating or flatulence
Lactase deficiency
Can be congenital or acquired
Not able to breakdown lactose into glucose and galactose its instead ran formed by bacteria in COLON to hydrogen.
Lactose intolerence test = Test hydrogen in breath!
Celiac disease
Enteropathy mediated by the immune system and triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.
Affects adults & children equally
varied symptoms
Prevalnce 1%
Celiac disease pathogenesis:
The intestinal villi atrophy as a consequence of gluten intake Such atrophy promotes malabsorption of several
nutrients in the small bowel.
Triggering factor: GLIADIN
Gliadin on mucosa will promote:
- Anti-gliadin
- Anti-endomysium
- Anti-transglutaminase
Celiac disease diagnostic method:
- 1st Symptomatology
- 2nd Serology
- 3rd genetic tests
- 4th intestinal biopsy
- 5th gluten-free diet
Inflammatory bowel disease: 2 types
- Crohn’s disease (CD)
* Ulcerative colitis (UC)
• Crohn’s disease (CD)
Any part of the digestive tube and can involve ALL layers of intestine
Ulcerative colitis
Affects only colon and rectum and involves only mucosa layer of intestine
Signs of Inflammatory bowel disease
Abdominal cramping Blood in stool Weight loss Blurred vision Arthritis Diarrhea Fever Fatigue Appetite
Clinical manifestation Ulcerative colitis
More frequent symptoms are diarrhea, rectal hemorrhage and abdominal pain.
Clinical manifestation Crohn’s disease
patients have abdominal pain more frequently whereas rectal hemorrhage is much less frequent.
Diagnosis method IBD
Endoscopy
Clincal symptoms
Biopsy
